Meteorology Flashcards
001 Which are the gases of pure dry air and what is the percentage of those gases?
- 78 % nitrogen - 21 % oxygen - 1 % noble gases
002 In the picture below layers of the atmosphere are shown. Enter the correct names and upper limits (in km).
003
Within which layer is nearly all weather concentrated and what is the name of its upper limit?
The troposphere.
Upper limit = Tropopause @ 11km
004 List the values of the ISA:
humidity:
air pressure at MSL:
air density at MSL:
air temperature at MSL:
vertical position of the tropopause:
temperature at the tropopause:
air pressure at the tropopause:
temperature gradient below the tropopause: -
temperature gradient above the tropopause up to 20 km:
humidity: 0 %
air pressure at MSL: 1013,25 hPa (also 29,92 INS)
air density at MSL: 1,225 kg/m3
air temperature at MSL: 15° C
vertical position of the tropopause: 36.000 ft MSL
temperature at the tropopause: -56,5° C
air pressure at the tropopause: 226 hPa
temperature gradient below the tropopause: -2° C/1000 ft
temperature gradient above the tropopause up to 20 km: -0° C/1000 ft
005 What is the temperature in the ISA at
a. 5,000 ft MSL?
b. 7,000 ft MSL?
c. 10,000 ft MSL?
d. 11,000 ft MSL?
a. 15 – 10 = 5° C
b. 15 - 14 = 1° C
c. 15 – 20 = -5° C
d. 15 – 22 = -7° C
006 Define QFE
Airpressure @ FE (field elevation) reported in hPa.
007 Define QNH.
QFE reduced to MSL according to ISA, reported in hPa.
008 Define QNE.
Vertical distance between QFE and standard pressure level 1013 hPa, expressed in ft.
009 Enter the terms QFE, QNH, and 1013 hPa into the correct place:
010 QFE = 1000 hPa field elevation = 1410 ft. Calculate QNH and QNE.
QNH = QFE + (FE/30)
-> QNH = 1000 + (1410/30) = 1000 + 47 = 1047 hPa
QNE = (1013-QFE) x 30
-> QNE = (1013-1000) x 30 = 13 x 30 = 390ft
011 QNH = 1,027 hPa field elevation = 2370 ft. Calculate QFE and QNE.
QFE = QNH - (FE/30)
-> QFE = 1027 - (2370/30) = 1027 - 79 = 948hPa
QNE = (1013-QFE) x 30
-> QNE = (1013-948) x 30 = 1950ft
012
Enter QFE, QNH, pressure altitude and field elevation into the correct place:
013 Enter QFE, QNH and pressure level 1013 into the correct place:
014 What is measured by a pressure altimeter and which vertical distance is generally indicated?
The airpressure @ aircraft location.
Vertical distance above the altimeter setting according to ISA.
015 Altimeter setting is 1,013 hPa; QNH is 1,000 hPa. What is your conclusion as to the indicated vertical position of the aircraft?
Aircraft is lower (closer to ground) than indicated.
016 QNH and altimeter setting are 1,013 hPa; the air is colder than ISA. Explain the effect on the altimeter reading.
You will be lower (closer to ground) than indicated position.
(Because colder air -> Higher density)
017 Within which airspace is the QNH setting applied and which QNH is set to the altimeter subscale?
At or below 5000ft MSL or 2000ft AGL.
QNH from nearest controlled aerodrome.
018 Fill in the proper terms or values:
019 Fill in proper terms or values:
!!020 An aircraft is enroute from ETSL to ETNW according to the flight level system. QNH at ETSL = 1022 hPa, QNH at ETNW = 1018 hPa.
How does the true altitude of the aircraft change during flight?
True altitude decreases.
Flying from high to low - look down below!
021 Fill in the proper terms or values (setting and reading).
022 QNH = 1,023 hPa, FE = 500 ft. Calculate the altitude and the height of FL100.
Altitude = FL + (QNH-1013) x 30
-> Altitude = 10 000ft + (1023-1013) x 30 = 10 300ft
Height = Altitude - FE
-> Height = 10 300ft - 500ft = 9800ft
!!023 QNH = 1,000 hPa, FE = 1,000 ft. Calculate the altitude and the height of FL070.
Altitude = FL + (QNH - 1013) x 30
-> Altitude = FL + (1000 - 1013) x 30 = 7000 ft + (-13 x 30) = 7000 -390 = 6610ft
Height = Altitude - FE
-> Height = 6610ft - 1000ft = 5610ft
024 Enter the correct terms:
a. heat transfer through wave propagation =
b. molecule-to-molecule transmission of heat =
c. horizontal transport of warm or cold air =
d. vertical transport of warm or cold air =
a. heat transfer through wave propagation = Radiation
b. molecule-to-molecule transmission of heat = Conduction
c. horizontal transport of warm or cold air = Advection
d. vertical transport of warm or cold air = Convection

