Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

GHU201 > IFR MET > Flashcards

IFR MET Flashcards

1
Q

1 QNH = 1012 hPa, FE = 510 ft, calculate the QFE and the QNE.

A

QFE = 995hPa

QNE = 540ft

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

2 QFE = 997 hPa, FE = 720 ft, calculate the QNH and the pressure altitude.

A

QNH = 1021

QNE (Pressure altitude) = 480ft

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

XX 3. QNH = 1009 hPa, FE = 200 ft. Calculate the altitude and the height of FL075.

A

ALT: 7380ft

Height: 7180ft

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

4 QNH = 1020 hPa, FE = 180 ft. Calculate the altitude and the height of FL060.

A

ALT: 6210ft

Height: 6030ft

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

XX 5. QNH is 1018 hPa. What does the altimeter indicate at FL060 after the setting has been changed to QNH?

A

6150ft

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

6 Field elevation = 250 ft, QNH = 1001 hPa; the pilot (on the runway) has set 1007 hPa to the altimeter. What is the reading of the pressure altimeter?

A

430ft

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

7 Field elevation = 900 ft, QNH = 1015 hPa; a helicopter has landed with the correct altimeter setting. During night the pressure rises by 4 hPa. What does the altimeter indicate the next morning?

A

780ft

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q
  1. QNH = 1000 hPa, elevation of a mountain = 3500 ft.

Calculate the transition level.

A

TL: FL070

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

XX 9. Temperature at FL080 = -06°C (the temperature difference to ISA is constant

at all levels), QNH = 1002 hPa. Calculate the true altitude of FL080.

A

T.ALT: 7516,6ft

(T.ALT = ALT + ALT x 0,004 x TempDiffISA)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

10 List the general features of a low in the northern hemisphere.

A

Air pressure is lower than in its surrounding

Wind blows counter-clockwise

Air ascends and is cooled according to dry and moist adiabatic lapse rates

Clouds form

Bad weather (precipitation)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

11 List the general features of an anticyclone in the northern hemisphere.

A

Air pressure is higher than in its surroundings

Wind blows clockwise

Air descends and is warmed according to the dry adiabatic lapse rate

Clouds dissipate

Fine weather

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

XX 12. Which forces produce the geostrophic wind?

A

PGF - Pressure Gradient Force

CF - Coriolis Force

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q
  1. Which forces produce the gradient wind?
A

PGF - Pressure Gradient Force

CF - Coriolis Force

ZF - Zentrifugal Force

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q
  1. What is the effect of the surface friction on the wind?
A

It reduces wind speed and deflects the wind towards the low pressure.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

15 Determine the vertical movement and the effect on the wind speed at a surface convergence.

A

Air is lifted, wind speed increase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

16 Determine the vertical movement and the effect on the wind speed at a surface divergence.

A

Air subsides, wind speed decreases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

17 Which change of wind speed and which vertical motion can you expect on the surface weather map below at positions a and at b?

A

A) Wind speed increase, air is lifted (it rises)

B) Wind speed decreases, air subsides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

BA 18. Define gusts

A

Wind increase of at least 10kt above average wind during the last 10 minutes.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q
  1. An aircraft flies against the wind. Where is the position of the low?
A

On the right side of the A/C.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q
  1. An aircraft enroute from ETSL to ETNW drifts to the right. Where is the position of the low?
A

Ahead of the aircraft.

(Wind from the low is blowing from the left/CCW arround the low)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

BA.21. A low is situated over Denmark and a high over the Alps, the isobars over Germany are closely spaced. Estimate the wind over Germany.

A

Strong westerly wind

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q
  1. An aircraft is flying with a strong headwind. Explain the effects on this flight concerning time enroute, fuel consumption and range.
A

Longer time enroute

Higher fuel consumption

Shorter range

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

BA 23. During which time of the day does the land breeze blow and which is the direction of it?

A

At night

From land to sea.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

BA 24. During which time of the day can you expect the mountain wind?

A

At night.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

25 Define

a. warm front and
b. cold front.

A

a) Warm air replacing cold air - Leading edge of a warm air mass.
b) Cold air replacing warm air - Leading edge of a cold air mass.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

26 A typical warm front is approaching. Which cloud type and which precipitation type can be expected, until the front passes.

A

Stratiform clouds.

Continous precipitation.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

27 A warm front approaches. Describe the development of visibility, ceiling and air pressure until the front reaches your place.

A

Visibility Deteriorates

Ceiling Lowers

Pressure Falls

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

28 Which turbulence and aircraft icing in clouds can you expect at a typical warm front and how does the air temperature change at the frontal passage?

A

Light turbulence

Rime ice

Rising temperature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

XX 29. Which particular conditions do you expect at a warm front with exceptional unstable conditions?

A

Cumiliform clouds (CU, TCU, CB) and showers embedded within stratiform clouds.

(Page 11)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

30 Where within a low is the warm sector situated and which air mass contacts the ground within the warm sector?

A

Between the warm front and cold front. The warm air mass contacts the ground.

Page 11

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

31 Which amount of clouds, precipitation and visibility do you expect in the warm sector?

A

BKN (Broken) clouds

Temporary precipitation

MOD (Moderate) visibility

32
Q

♦32♦ Which type of stability do you expect at cold front type I and which at cold front type II?

A

Stability cold front type I: Unstable

Stability cold front type II: Stable

Page 12-13

33
Q

33 Which turbulence, temperature change and pressure change can you expect at a cold front type I?

A

MOD-SEV Turbulence

Falling temp with passage and behind

Rising pressure with passage and behind

Page 12

34
Q

♦34♦ Which clouds, visibility, weather phenomena and aircraft icing do you expect at the passage of a cold front type I?

A

CU, TCU, CB

Poor visibility in precipitation, outside good

Showers, Hail, Thunderstorms

Clear ice

Page 12

35
Q

35 Which clouds, visibility, weather phenomena and aircraft icing do you expect at cold front type II?

A

Mainly NS, AS

Poor visibility

Continous precipitation

Mixed and Rime ice

36
Q

36 What is the name of the area behind a cold front and which conditions (regarding precipitation, cloud type, aircraft icing, turbulence, visibility) can you expect?

A

Rearside

Isolated Showers

Cumiliform (CU, CTU, CB)

Clear ice

MOD turbulence

Exelent visibility (outside precipitation)

Page 14

37
Q

♦37♦ Explain the formation of an occlusion.

A

Occurs when coldfront overtakes warmfront and the warm air mass is lifted of the ground.

38
Q

38 Which weather conditions do you expect at an occlusion?

A

Mixed warm front and cold front conditions. Normally extremely bad weather.

39
Q

!!39 Where do you normally expect a squall line?

A

In the warm sector, ahead of and parallel to the cold front.

Page 17

40
Q

40 Which cloud type, weather phenomena and wind do you expect along a squall line, a line of instability, a trough line?

A

Cumiliform clouds.

Showers, hail or thunderstorms.

Gusty wind.

41
Q

41 A typical low approaches Germany. List the correct sequence at which cold front, rear side, warm front and warm sector will cross Germany.

A

Warm front - Warm sector - Cold front - Rear side

42
Q

42 Below the vertical cross section of a typical low with a cold front type I and a normal warm front is shown.

a. Name the areas within which point A and point C are situated.
b. Which pressure change can you expect at A, B, C, and E?

A

A) Point A: Rear side, Point C: Warm sector

B) A = Rising pressure, B = Rising pressure, C = Same pressure, D = Falling pressure

43
Q

43 Below the vertical cross section of a typical low with a cold front type I and a normal warm front is shown.

a. Determine the type of stability at A, B, and E.
b. Which temperature change can you expect at A, B, C and D?

A

a) A: Unstable, B: Unstable, E: Stable
b) A: Falling, B: Falling, C: No change, D: Rising

44
Q

44 Below the vertical cross section of a typical low with a cold front type II and a warm front with unstable air is shown.

a. At which of points (A, B, C) can you expect CB/TCU?
b. At which of points (A, B, C) can you expect NS?

A

a) C
b) A and C

45
Q

45 Below the vertical cross section of a typical low with a cold front type I and a normal warm front is shown. Point A reports a visibility of 9 km and cirrostratus with a base at 20,000 ft. Which development of visibility and ceiling, which clouds and weather phenomena do you expect at point A before the front passes?

A

Visibility deteriorates

Ceiling lowers

Stratiform clouds

Continuous precipitation

46
Q

46 Below the vertical cross section of a typical low with a cold front type I and a normal warm front is shown.

a. List the clouds and weather phenomena at point B.
b. At which of the given points do you expect the strongest turbulence?

A

a) Clouds: CU, TCU, CB, Weather phenomena: Showers, hail and thunderstorms
b) B

47
Q

47 Below the vertical cross section of a typical low with a cold front type I and a normal warm front is shown.

a. Which aircraft icing can you expect in clouds above freezing level at points A, B and D?
b. The wind at point C is 250° 16 kt. To which direction will the wind shift and what happens with the speed during frontal passage at point B?

A

a) A: Clear, B: Clear, D: Rime
b) Shift to WNW (270-290), wind speed increases

48
Q
  1. Which precipitation type do you expect
    a. below the centre of a cold air drop?
    b. rear of a cold air drop?
A

a) SHOWERS
b) Continous precipitation

49
Q

49 State the temperature range, at which icing in clouds usually occurs.

A

0 to -20°C

50
Q

!!50 Within which kind of clouds do you expect severe icing?

A

In young TCU

Cumiliform at fronts and in CB

Upsloping clouds at windward side of mountains

In freezing precipitation

(4points)

51
Q

XX 51. Which type of ice can you expect

a. in CU at -5°C
b. in TCU at -15°C
c. in AS at -11°C
d. in FZRA e. in NS at -25°C?
e. in NS at -25°C?

A

a) Clear
b) Rime
c) Rime
d) Clear
e) No ice or traces

52
Q

52 Which type of ice can you expect

a. in CB at -8°C
b. in AC at -15°C
c. in CS at -30°C
d. in +FZDZ
e. in NS at -5°C?

A

a) Clear
b) Rime
c) No ice
d) Clear (always in FZDZ)
e) Rime

53
Q

53 Explain frost.

A

Ice crystals which form due to sublimation.

54
Q

54 There are clouds at 8,000 ft GND causing precipitation. The air temperature near surface is negative; between 1000 ft GND and 2000 ft GND a layer of positive air temperature is situated. Which hazard can be expected during final approach?

A

FZRA

55
Q

55 The temperature near surface is -4 °C, aloft is overcast AS out of which rain falls. Which hazard can you expect near surface?

A

FZRA

56
Q

56 At which position is freezing precipitation most likely? The picture shows a typical frontal system during winter.

A

D

57
Q

57 What is necessary for the formation of a thunderstorm?

A

Unstable atmosphere

High moisture in the air

Lifting action

58
Q

58 ETHC reports TSRA and an obscured sky. Which cloud is present?

A

CB

59
Q

!!59 Where do

a. air mass thunderstorms occur?
b. frontal thunderstorms occur?

A

a) Isolated within airmasses
b) Along fronts

60
Q

!!60 Which type of air mass thunderstorm is caused

a. by thermal lifting or a converging airflow?
b. by mechanical lifting over mountains?

A

a) Convective TS
b) Orographic TS

61
Q

!!61 List 8 thunderstorm hazards.

A

Lightning

Hail

Gusty surface wind

Severe turbulence

Severe icing

Rapid reduction of visibility

Lowering ceiling

Altimeter errors

Radar/Radio disturbances

Aquaplaning on RWYs and taxiways

62
Q

!!62 It is a sunny day in June; the atmosphere is moist and unstable. Which hazard may develop during the afternoon?

A

Convective TS (thermal lifting)

63
Q

63 There is a moist and unstable westerly airflow. Which hazard can you expect over the Black Forest?

A

Orographic TS (mechanical lifting)

64
Q

64 When penetrating a thunderstorm, within which levels is encountered:

a. the greatest risk of icing?
b. the greatest risk of lightning strokes?

A

a) Between freezing level and -10°C
b) Freezing level +/- 5000ft

65
Q

65 What is the cause of

a. convective turbulence?
b. mechanical turbulence?

A

a) Heating from below (Vertical currents)
b) Strong winds above and downstream of obstacles. Strong winds near the ground.

66
Q

66 During a summer afternoon the wind at ETSB is calm, the air temperature is +28°C, a light aircraft is at final approach. Which hazard can you expect?

A

Convective turbulence/Thermal turbulence

67
Q

67 The wind at ETSA is 250° 20 kt, gusts 34 kt. Which hazard can you expect during a low-level flight?

A

Mechanical turbulence/Dynamic turbulence

68
Q

68 Which hazard can you expect in a strong, dry and stable westerly airflow over the Harz mountains?

A

Mechanical turbulence/Dynamic turbulence

69
Q

69 Over the Alps a wind of 190°80 kt, gusts 102 kt is blowing. Within which area can you expect severe turbulence?

A

Lea side (North of the alps)

(“South of river Danupe”)

70
Q

70 Where do you expect mountain waves and which hazard is associated with mountain waves?

A

Lea side. (Downstream) And above mountain

Severe turbulence.

71
Q

71 What is wind shear, where does it occur and which hazard does it create?

A

Sudden change of wind direction and/or wind speed.

Occurs at fronts and inversions.

Causes turbulence.

72
Q

72 The following table shows upper winds:

FL080 200°20 kt; FL085 210°25 kt; FL090 280°38 kt

Which phenomenon can you expect between FL085 and FL090?

A

Wind shear

73
Q

73 The following table shows upper winds. Between which levels can you expect a wind shear?

1000 ft GND 090° 10KT, 1500 ft GND 100° 9KT,

2000 ft GND 230° 10KT, 3000 ft GND 230° 11 KT.

A

1500ft - 2000ft GND

74
Q

74 At a clear sky an ascending aircraft passes a well defined inversion at 1200 ft GND. Which phenomenon is likely at the inversion?

A

Wind shear

75
Q

75 A helicopter crosses a cold front below clouds in VMC; there is no hail and no thunderstorm. Which phenomenon is likely during the frontal passage?

A

Wind shear

76
Q

76 What is a microburst and where can you expect a microburst?

A

Strong down draft below and in vicinity of a TS.

GHU201 (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions