Meteorology

Question 1

The study of the earth’s atmosphere is called,

Answer 1

Meteorology

Question 2

Branch of meteorology that deals w/ the state of the atmosphere averaged over a long period of time

Answer 2

Climatology

Question 3

Atmospheric condition over a short duration, particularly the combination of heat, moisture & wind characteristics of the atmosphere in a day

Answer 3

Weather

Question 4

The total weather condition of an area as generalized over a long period of time, (seasons, years, decades)

Answer 4

Climate

Question 5

KINDS OF CLIMATE

Answer 5

Macroclimate, Mesoclimate, Microclimate

Question 6

A kind of climate that prevail over a large region of the earth’s surface

Answer 6

Macroclimate

Question 7

A kind of climate where areas up to several square miles

Answer 7

Mesoclimate

Question 8

A kind of climate that over short distances, or within few feet or inches

Answer 8

Microclimate

Question 9

Assumes that climate is brought by the difference in temp. & angles of the sun’s rays at diff. loc

Answer 9

According to Geographic Zones, Greek Philosopher Parminedes

Question 10

Between the tropic of cancer (23.5°N) & tropic of capricorn (23.5°S)

Answer 10

Torrid Zone

Question 11

Between the tropics and polar circles (66.5°N and S)

Answer 11

North and South Temperate Zones

Question 12

Between the polar circles and poles

Answer 12

North and South Frigid Zones

Question 13

The most widely used system for classifying the world’s climates (German Meteorologist Vladimir Peter Koppen)

Answer 13

Koppen Classification System

Question 14

Northward & Southward from the equator (15-20deg of Lat), Ave. temp. >18degC, Annual precipitation is >1500 mm

Answer 14

Tropical Moist Climate (A)

Question 15

Climates extends from 20-35degN and S of the equator

Answer 15

Dry Climates (B)

Question 16

Warm & humid summers w/ mild winters, from 30-50deg of lat, estern & western borders

Answer 16

Moist Tropical Mid-Latitude Climates (C)

Question 17

Warm to cool summers & cold winters. Ave. temp warmest mos >10degC, coldest mos <-3degC

Answer 17

Moist Continental Mid-Latitude Climates (D)

Question 18

Year-round cold temp w/ warmest mos <10degC

Answer 18

Polar Climates (E)

Question 19

Ice cop, subpolar

Answer 19

Cold Climates

Question 20

Subarctic, Humid continental (short summer), Humid continental (long summer)

Answer 20

Cold Temperate Climate

Question 21

Temperate marine, Humid Subtropical, Dry Summer Subtropical

Answer 21

Warm Temperate Climate

Question 22

Arid Mid-latitude, arid low-latitude, semi-arid mid latitude, Semi-arid low latitude

Answer 22

Dry Climates

Question 23

Rainy and dry tropical, Rainy tropical, Highlands

Answer 23

Tropical Climates

Question 24

treeless plain, mosses, low-lying plants

Answer 24

Tundra

Question 25

coniferous forests

Answer 25

Taiga

Question 26

treeless plain, dry and grass - covered

Answer 26

Steppe

Question 27

two pronounced wet & dry season, wet (june-nov), dry (dec-may)

Answer 27

Type I

Question 28

no dry season, w/ a pronounced max rain (dec-feb)

Answer 28

Type II

Question 29

intermediate type w/ no pronounced max rain & short dry season (one-three months)

Answer 29

Type III

Question 30

uniformly distributed rainfall

Answer 30

Type IV

Question 31

MAJOR FACTORS AFFECTING TERRESTRIAL CLIMATTE

Answer 31

Position of the Earth, Land & Water Masses, Surface Features of the Land, Wind Systems & Pressure Belts, Ocean Currents & Drifts

Question 32

The earth's declination, rotation, and revolution affects incoming radiation, land temperature, length of day and night and tides.

Answer 32

Position of the Earth

Question 33

The geographic distribution of continents and ocean affect regional temperature, precipitation, wind direction and speed.

Answer 33

Land and Water Masses

Question 34

The large-scale mountainous features of land masses, i.e. altitude, depressions, mountain ranges and other geographic features.

Answer 34

Surface Features of the Land

Question 35

The general circulation of the atmosphere affects pressure in the atmosphere and land and water masses, and the development of weather disturbances.

Answer 35

Wind Systems and Pressure Belts

Question 36

Influenced by Coriolis Effect and configuration of oceans, basin, and shorelines.

Answer 36

Ocean Currents and Drifts

Question 37

Inertial force that acts on objects in motion w/in a frame of reference that rotates w/ respect to an inertial frame.

Answer 37

Coriolis Effect

Question 38

Incoming sunlight

Answer 38

Insolation

Question 39

Fraction of the incident radiation that is reflected by an object.

Answer 39

Albedo

Question 40

An average isolation is reflected, absorded by the atmosphere and earth's surface?

Answer 40

34%, 19%, 47%

Question 41

Common albedo values?

Answer 41

snow - 0.81, clouds - 0.17-0.81, forests - 0.03-0.10, dark dry sand - 0-0.18

Question 42

The period when the sun is farthest from the earth

Answer 42

Solslice (23.450)

Question 43

Sun's position makes day and night equal (sun is directly above the observer solslice=0)

Answer 43

Equinox

Question 44

Smaller high and low tides.

Answer 44

Neap Tides

Question 45

Moon is in the 1st and 3rd quarter (forms 90deg with the sun)

Answer 45

Neap Tides

Question 46

Moon's pull is stronger but the sun's gravity lessens it.

Answer 46

Neap Tides

Question 47

Land surfaces are heated or cooled by changes in radiation to much greater deg & more rapidly than ocean.

Answer 47

Land and Water Masses

Question 48

Temperature decreases 10deg C per 1000 m increase in elevation.

Answer 48

Surface Features of the Land

Question 49

Winds are movements of air caused by differences in air pressure.

Answer 49

Wind Systems and Pressure Belts

Question 50

They move from areas of high pressure to areas of low pressure.

Answer 50

Wind Systems and Pressure Belts

Question 51

Winds are part of global atmospheric circulation loops called,

Answer 51

Cells

Question 52

What are the three cells in each hemisphere?

Answer 52

Hadley Cell, Ferrel Cell, Polar Cell

Question 53

A belt of low pressure surrounding the earth in the equatorial zone (10degN and 10degS)

Answer 53

The Equatorial Calms (Doldrums)

Question 54

Characterized by very light winds or calms but high pressure (subtropical highs) 30deg-35degN & S

Answer 54

Belts of Subtropical Calms (Horse Latitudes)

Question 55

Characterized by low pressure, stormy, variable winds associated w/ travelling cyclone 50-55deg N & S

Answer 55

Sub-Polar Low-Pressure Belts

Question 56

Characterized by high pressure areas over both polar regions w/ intensities and location of centers known...

Answer 56

Polar High-Pressure Belts

Question 57

Planetary Pressure Belts are?

Answer 57

The Equatorial Calms, Belts of Subtropical Calms, Sub-Polar Low-Pressure Belts, Polar High-Pressure Belts

Question 58

Seasonal winds (arabic word for "season"

Answer 58

Monsoon

Question 59

Are large scale, seasonal version of the diurnal land/sea breezes that occurs along coasts

Answer 59

Monsoon

Question 60

Cold winds from the northeast that bring rains over the eastern side of the country

Answer 60

Northeast Monsoon (AMIHAN)

Question 61

Warm moist winds from the southwest causing rains over the weastern portion of the country from may-sept

Answer 61

Southwest Monsoon (HABAGAT)

Question 62

Warm & moist air, Moderate - Heavy Rainfall, June-Oct

Answer 62

Southwest Monsoon (HABAGAT)

Question 63

Cool & dry air, Slight - Moderate Rainfall, Nov-May

Answer 63

Northeast Monsoon (AMIHAN)

Question 64

Air-mass boundaries that lie along line of low pressure

Answer 64

Fronts

Question 65

Types of Fronts

Answer 65

Stationary, Warm, Cold, & Occluded Front

Question 66

temporarily fixed boundary between polar (cold) and tropical (warm) air masses

Answer 66

Stationary Front

Question 67

a boundary that is moving in such a way that the warm air advances and the cold air retreats

Answer 67

Warm Front

Question 68

the cold air advances and the warm air retreats

Answer 68

Cold Front

Question 69

combination of the warm and cold front, where cold air overtakes and lifts the warm front

Answer 69

Occluded Front

Question 70

a storm in a region of low surface pressures

Answer 70

Cyclone

Question 71

TYPES OF CYCLONE?

Answer 71

Frontal Cyclones, Tropical Cyclones

Question 72

any extratropical cyclone associated with a weather front

Answer 72

Frontal Cyclones

Question 73

general term for a cyclone that originates over the tropical oceans and contains no sharp air-mass contrasts or front.

Answer 73

Tropical Cyclones

Question 74

FORMATION OF TROPICAL CYCLONES?

Answer 74

Convective, Frontal

Question 75

when a large mass of air becomes convectively unstable, leading to upward air motion & the formation of LPA

Answer 75

Convective

Question 76

form along the front where trade winds meet equation air

Answer 76

Frontal

Question 77

Necessary requirements established for tropical cyclone formation,

Answer 77

Warm Ocean, Coriolis Effect, Weak Wind Shear, Pre-existing Disturbance

Question 78

Sea surface temperatures above 26-27deg C are needed to keep the rising air warm

Answer 78

Warm Ocean

Question 79

Cyclones from beyond 5deg lat from the equator, where the coriolis force is sufficient.

Answer 79

Coriolis Effect

Question 80

Minimal vertical wind shear supports storm development.

Answer 80

Weak Wind Shear

Question 81

A low-level disturbance and upper-[evel divergence are required

Answer 81

Pre-existing Disturbace

Question 82

THE CLASSIFICATION OF TROPICAL CYCLONES?

Answer 82

Tropical Depression, Tropical Storm, Severe Tropical Storm, Typhoon, Super Typhoon

Question 83

max sustained winds 62 kph or less than 34 knots

Answer 83

Tropical Depression (TD)

Question 84

max wind speed 62-88 kph or 34-47 knots

Answer 84

Tropical Storm (TS)

Question 85

max wind speed 87-117 kph or 48-63 knots

Answer 85

Severe Tropical Storm (STS)

Question 86

max wind speed of 118 - 184 kph or 64 - 99 knots

Answer 86

Typhoon (TY)

Question 87

max wind speed 185 kph or more than 100 knots

Answer 87

Super Typhoon (STY)

Question 88

TERMS OF TYPHOONS?

Answer 88

Typhoon, Cyclone, Hurricane, Willy-willy

Question 89

North and South Pacific

Answer 89

Typhoon

Question 90

Indian Ocean

Answer 90

Cyclone

Question 91

In the North Atlantic and Caribbean Sea

Answer 91

Hurricane

Question 92

Australia and Oceania

Answer 92

Willy-willy

Question 93

Rotating funnel-shaped cloud that snakes towards the ground from the base of a thundercloud

Answer 93

Tornadoes

Question 94

Its formation requires the presence of air of contrasting temp, moisture, density, and wind flow…

Answer 94

Tornadoes

Question 95

also known as "electric storm"

Answer 95

Thunderstorm

Question 96

a local storm produced by cumulanimbus clouds, thunder, lightning, wind, & heavy rain

Answer 96

Thunderstorm

Question 97

a result from atmospheric instability & overturning of air layers in order to achieve more stable density stratification

Answer 97

Thunderstorm