Metazoa

Question 0

nematodes

Answer 0

roundworms with complete digestive system, including mouth, intestine, and anus
-has eggs and larva

Question 1

3 categories of metazoa

Answer 1

Nematodes ( roundworm)
Trematodes ( flattenworm)
cestodes ( tapeworm)

Question 2

Enterobius vermicularis ( pinworm)

Answer 2

nematode

• live in large intestine, glue eggs on skin around anus
• cause itching
• treatment by aerosols or vanguin

Question 3

Dracunculia species ( Guinea worm)

Answer 3

Nematode

• fecal/oral transmission, larvae penetrates intestine
• cause a blister, erupts and worm emerges, sends larvae into water
• treatment is to remove the worm

Question 4

Ascaris lumbricoides

Answer 4

large worms, 30 cm long
live in small intestine of pigs, cows, horses
-eggs in soil very thick ( coat)
-infection by eggs
-when ingested they hatch and goes into trachea and nose and mouth

Question 5

hookworms

Answer 5

• live on blood
• infection by larvae, enter into bare feet, crawls into skin and migrate into lungs
• attach to head by hooks
• only found in warm climates

Question 6

Anisakis

Answer 6

from intestine of fish which are not cleaned thoroughly

• infection by larvae
• Sushi!

Question 7

Trichinella spiralis

Answer 7

ingestion of encysted larvae in undercooked pork, walrus, bear
-in striated muscle fibers such as the heart

Question 8

Fliaria (blood nematodes)

Answer 8

lympathatic ( elephantiasis)-can’t drain lymp. fluid

onchocerciasis(river blindness)- worms live in subcutaneous tissue, wolbachia- infection of worms

Question 9

Trematodes

Answer 9

flattenworm

• Schistosoma, host is freshwater snail
• adult worms not affected since it hides under a coat
• eggs reside in various plexus of bladder and intestine

Question 10

S. haematobium

Answer 10

urinary schistosomiasis; inflammation of bladder wall, chronic cancer

Question 11

S. japonicum

Answer 11

intestinal parasite

Question 12

S. mansuni

Answer 12

intestinal parasite, migrates to liver

Question 13

Swimmer’s itch

Answer 13

trematode
-non human schistosoma
-caused by a duck schistosome
-can
can't affect circulation and inner, so it cause skin itching only

Question 14

cestodes ( tapeworm)

Answer 14

• intestinal parasites, dependent on host for nutrients, no digestive system
• head has suckers for attachments
• body segment is called proglottids
• acquired by eating inadequately cooked contaminated beef, pork, or fish

Question 15

Hymenolypsis nana

Answer 15

most common tapeworm

• small
• doesn’t need an immediate host
• common in tropical area
• infection by ingesting egg
• cause diarrhea cramps

Question 16

2 types of disease

Answer 16

1. intestinal infection- mild clinical picture, produced by pork, beef, fish, or rodent tapeworms
2. deep tissue infection- serious infections, pork tapeworm (cysticercosis), appear as insisted larva in the brain, OR echinocococsis ( dog)

Question 17

Tanenia saginata

Answer 17

beef tapeworm

• life cycle requires both human and cattle
• infectious tissue larvae (cysticerci) ingested by human, mature into tapeworm in intestine
• eggs passed in feces, may be taken up by cattle

Question 18

Diphyllobothrium lactum

Answer 18

fish tapeworm, undercooked contaminated fish

• use vitamin B12 and cause deficiency with anemia
• mild to moderate symptoms: some diarrhea, abdominal pain, eggs are excreted; no feces

Question 19

Taenia solium

Answer 19

pork tapeworm
-intermediate host is pig
- more serious, person to person transmission is possible
2 ways for infection:
- eggs results in hatching of larva in intestine, which then escapes and penetrates body tissues, includes brain
- larvae: results in adult worm in intestine

Question 20

Echinococcus granulosus

Answer 20

dog tapeworm

• never develop into full tapeworm in body
• small, humans are dead-end host
• dogs and coyotes are intended host where worm can grow into adult