Fungi Flashcards
molds
vegetative growth
- coenocytic: no division, have nuclei
- septate: division and nuclei in cell
- Hyphae: long filaments, is mostly aerobic
Ergosterol
target for anti-fungal drugs.
- Chitin: stain with calcium chelating agents like “calcofluor white” for identification. Does not use gram stain.
- in the cell membrane, it is filled with fluid to stop growth of fungi
Yeast
reproduce by budding
failure to detach is a pseudohyphae
oval/spherical shaped, anaerobic
“Candida albicans” attach as a yeast, but invades deeper tissues by pseudohyphae
Examples of yeasts
Thrush- mouth infection
saccharomyces- yeast ethanol for wine; CO2 for leavening bread dough
Dimorphic Fungi
low temp-mold, high temp-yeast (Dimorphism)
- not infectious from person to person, mold form is spread through spores in the air
- Histoplasma capsulatum”: yeast, less than 35 degrees is mold
Sporothrix aka rose gardner’s disease
systematic and stays in tissues
fungal spores goes into wound
-Lymphangitis- arms and leg causes more ulcers to develop
nutrition
less nutritionally demanding, grows better at extreme conditions, mostly at aerobic, best between 25-30
Fungi diseases are called
mycoses and have superficial, cutaneous, and systemic types
superficial mycoses
- infection along surface of hair shafts, outer layer of skin
- black and white piedra (scalp), looks like dandruff
- Malassezia furfur- a yeast
cutaneous mycoses
deeper layer of epidermis
- athlete’s foot/ringworm
- caused dermatophytes ( degraded keratin/mold)
- causes tineas
systemic mycoses
deep tissues and organs
-caused are primary dimorphic pathogens (Histoplasma capsulatus)
OR opportunistic pathogens ( yeast and mold)- “Aspergillosis”
Candiasis
- systemic infection
- Candida albicans causes thrush in newborns and black tongue
