metaphonology book

Question 1

What is phonological awareness?

Answer 1

awareness of sound structure of spoken words. It is one aspect of the broader category of metalinguistics. It includes the awareness of syllables, onsets & rimes and phonemes within words.

Question 2

how does PA develop?

Answer 2

awareness of larger to smaller sound units within words.e.g. awareness of syllables and onset rhymes before phonemes

Question 3

what factors influence PA

Answer 3

-vocabulary development (e.g. especially at a young age)
-early language experience (e.g. income, preschool –>alphabetical knowledge)
child’s native language
-native language (e.g. influences syllables, onset-rhymes and phoneme awareness)

Question 4

Why is it important to examine PA early?

Answer 4

for early intervention and for better outcomes. it helps profile these children’s speech and language development

Question 5

What is the Critical Age Hypothesis

Answer 5

Children would need to speak intelligible by age 5:6 (years: months) or literacy acquisition most likely be hindered. This does not mean however, that children who are intelligible by this age, would not experience nay difficulties; rather it suggests the a

Question 6

spoonerism:

Answer 6

manipulation –> transposition of initial or other sounds of words

Question 7

What are the aims of assessments used for young children?

Answer 7

1. observe the child’s current level of PA performance

2. monitor child’s gain in PA skills

Question 8

special considerations for assessing children with expressive phonological impairment?

Answer 8

• tasks that requires non verbal response
• ensuing optimal listening conditions during testing
• use of attractive visual pictures
• ensuring memory capacity is not overloaded

Question 9

Goal of PA intervention for young children

Answer 9

To facilitate children’s development to ensure that they approach literacy instruction with the foundation skills that will allow them to use phonological info in reading and spelling

Question 10

approaches to facilitate development of early PA

Answer 10

1. enhance PA development
   - expanding the receptive vocabulary
   - teach nursery rhymes
   - facilitate alphabetic knowledge (books, songs)
   - increase metacognition by encouraging to reflect on words and language
2. implement specific teaching activities