Metals Y8 Flashcards
What type of metals is group 1
Alkali metals
What is the reactivity series in order?
Most reactive
Potassium
Sodium
Lithium
Calcium
Magnesium
Aluminium
Carbon
Zinc
Iron
Lead
Hydrogen
Copper
Silver
Gold
How do you test for hydrogen?
Put a little splint in the test tube and if it makes a squeaky pop there’s hydrogen
Do metals have high or low boiling and melting points?
High
When cut metals are…
Shiny and soft
The further down in group 1 you go the do they get more or less reactive.
More
When alkali metals mix with water, what do they produce ?
A metal hydroxide+hydrogen
Write the equations for:
Lithium +water
Sodium +water
Potassium +water
Lithium+water—> lithium hydroxide +hydrogen
Sodium+water —> sodium hydroxide+ hydrogen
Potassium+water—> potassium hydroxide +hydrogen
When group 1 metals react with water what do they form?
An alkaline solution
What else other than the metal hydroxide is produced when group 1 metals react with water?
Hydrogen
What type of metals are in group 2?
Alkaline earth metals
What do metals have to be higher than in the reactivity series to react with water?
Carbon
Do salts have a charge?
they are neutral
Where are alkali metals stored?
In oil as they can react with air
Are all reactants on the reactivity series alkali metals?
No
What do alkali metals do when they react with water?
Effervess and if high in reactivity series can spark or move violently.
What colour does the universal indicator turn when mixed with group 1 metals?
Purple
What’s produced when metal+acid
Metal+acid—> salt + hydrogen
What are the names of these salts:
Hydrochloric
Sulphuric
Nitric
Chloride
Sulfate
Nitrate
What’s the equations for:
Zinc+nitric acid
Iron+sulphuric acid
Magnesium+hydrochloric acid
Zinc+nitric acid —> zinc nitrate +hydrogen
Iron+sulphuric acid—> iron sulfate + hydrogen
Magnesium+hydrochloric acid—> magnesium chloride + hydrogen
More effervessing= more reactive
What is the displacement reaction equation?
More reactive metal+ less reactive metal compound —>more reactive metal compound+less reactive metal
What is a displacement reaction?
When a more reactive metal takes the place of the less reactive metal in a compound .
What is the equation for these displacement reactions?:
Zinc+copper sulfate
Magnesium+ zinc sulfate
Magnesium + iron sulfate
Zinc+copper sulfate —> zinc sulfate+ copper
Magnesium+ zinc sulfate—> magnesium sulfate+ zinc
Magnesium + iron sulfate—>magnesium sulfate+ iron
What are the reagents for the thermite reaction?
Aluminium and iron oxide
What does magnesium act as in the thermite reaction?
Magnesium acts like as a fuse with the igniter mixture provide the energy needs for the reaction to take place
How does thermite reaction help to weld railways tracks?
When the iron is produced it is molten du pe to the high reaction temperature though it is dangerous and expensive
What is an example of displacement reaction?
Thermite reaction
What does it mean if a metal is over hydrogen in the reactivity series?
That metal can react with acids
What does it mean if a metal is over carbon on the reactivity series?
That metal can react with water
What is oxidation?
If a substance has gained oxygen it has been oxidised
What is reduction?
If a substance has lost oxygen it has been reduced
Complete the equations then say whichsubstances have been oxidised?
Sodium+silver oxide
Lead+ gold oxide
Sodium+ silver oxide —> sodium oxide +silver
= sodium
Lead +gold oxide—> lead oxide+gold
=lead
What is needed to rust or corrode?
Needs oxygen + water
When any metal corrodes it is called ……… and when iron corrodes it is called……
Corroding and rust
Word equation for rust?
Iron+ oxygen —> hydrated iron oxide
What is the barrier method?
Putting a barrier between the iron and the air e.g painting or oiling , rubber coating
What is the sacrificial protection method?
Attaching big blocks of metal more reactive than iron or the metal, this metal corrodes in preference
What is the galvanising method?
Invokes covering metal in another metal more reactive
What is the best anti rusting method?
Galvanising as it is bothe sacrificial method and a barrier method
What do matters have to be higher than in the reactivity series to react with acids?
Hydrogen
