Metals, Reactivity Series, Ions, Reduction and Oxidation Flashcards
What is an Ion?
An atom or molecule that has gained or lost electrons.
What happens when a metal reacts with other substances?
They form positive ions.
What is the order of the reactivity series?
Potassium
Sodium
Lithium
Calcium
Magnesium
Aluminum
Carbon
Zinc
Iron
Hydrogen
Copper
Silver
Gold
What is displacement?
where a more reactive metal displaces a less reactive one from a solution of its ions. The more reactive metal dissolves and the less reactive metal is formed as a solid.
What is a metal ore?
A compound found in the Earth from which it is economical to extract a metal.
How is a metal extracted from an ore?
The metal compound must undergo a reduction reaction to form the metallic element.
What is reduction (metal and an oxygen)?
Reduction is when a metal loses oxygen
What is oxidation (metal and an oxygen)?
Oxidation is when a metal gains oxygen
What is reduction (electrons)?
Reduction is when a metal gains electrons.
What is oxidation (electrons)?
Oxidation is when a metal loses electrons.
What is a redox reaction?
When reduction + oxidation occur at the same time.
What is a spectator ion?
An ion that does not change throughout the reaction.
How many electrons do each group gain/lose?
1 = +1
2 = +2
3 = +3
4 = +4/-4
5 = -3
6 = -2
7 = -1
State the 4 complex ions.
Sulfate = SO4^2-
Nitrate = NO3^3-
Carbonate = CO3^2-
Hydroxide = OH-
