Acids and Salt Flashcards
What is an acid?
A substance that has H+ ions and a low pH scale.
What happens when an acid reacts with an alkali or a base?
When an acid is reacted with an alkali or a base to produce salt and water. This is neutralisation.
What happens when an acid reacts with a metal carbonate?
When an acid reacts with a metal carbonate, salt, water and carbon dioxide is formed. This is neutralisation.
What is a strong acid?
An acid that will fully dissociate (ionise) in water with a low pH scale (1-2)
What is a weak acid?
An acid that will partially dissociate (ionise) in water, with a pH of 3-6.
What happens to the volume in a concentrated acid?
A lot of acid particles in a given volume
What happens to the volume in a dilute acid?
not many acid particles in a given volume.
What happens if a metal and an acid react?
A salt and hydrogen will be formed
What happens if a metal hydroxide reacts with an acid?
A salt and water will be formed.
What happens if a metal oxide reacts with an acid?
A salt and water will be formed.
What happens if a metal carbonate reacts with an acid?
A salt, water and carbon dioxide will be formed.
What happens if ammonia reacts with an acid?
An ammonium acid will form.
How to name a salt?
The first part is the metal, metal oxide or metal carbonate, the second part is from the acid. e.g. Fe + HCl = FeCl + H2
What is the formula of Hydrochloric acid?
HCl
What is the formula of Sulfur acid?
H2SO4
What is the formula for Nitric acid?
HNO3
What is the formula for ammonia?
NH3-
What is the formula for ammonium?
NH4-
What is the formula for hydroxide?
OH-
Name 3 strong Acids.
Hydrochloric acid
Sulfuric acid
Nitric acid
Name 4 Weak acids?
Citric acid
Ethanoic acid
Methanoic acid
Carbonic acid
How much more concentrated is an acid at pH 1 compared to pH 3 and why?
100x. As you do down the pH scale, the concentration of H+ ions increases by 10x.
