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show and tell > Metals And Their Uses > Flashcards

Metals And Their Uses Flashcards

1
Q

What does the metal extraction method depend on?

A

The metals place in the reactivity series

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2
Q

What is one method by which metals can be extracted?

A

Displacement by using a more reactive

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3
Q

How can metals that are less reactive than carbon be extracted?

A

They can be extracted from their oxides by heating with carbon

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4
Q

What is a reduction reaction?

A

They take place as carbon removes oxygen from the oxide to produce the pre metal. This method is used commercially if possible

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5
Q

Which metals are below carbon in the reactivity series?

A

Zinc, iron, tin, lead, copper

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6
Q

Which metals are naturally occurring?

A

Gold, silver, platinum

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7
Q

How is gold extracted?

A

Physical methods as it is naturally occurring

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8
Q

What is a blast furnace?

A

The huge reaction vessels used in industry to extract iron from its ore

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9
Q

Which compound is reduced to make iron?

A

Iron oxide

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10
Q

What is iron from a blast furnace like?

A

Too brittle for many uses so can only be used really as cast iron

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11
Q

What is the iron like after removing all the impurities and carbon?

A

Pure iron but is too soft for many uses

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12
Q

Why is pure iron used in alloys such as steels?

A

The steel alloys are much harder than iron and can be used for more things

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13
Q

What are low-carbon steels like?

A

Easily shaped

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14
Q

What are high-carbon steels like?

A

Hard

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15
Q

What are special about stainless steels?

A

They contain lather quantities of other metals and they resist corrosion

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16
Q

What is useful about aluminium and titanium?

A

They have low densities compared to other strong metals and resist corrosion

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17
Q

Can aluminium be reduced by carbon?

A

No as it is more reactive than carbon and so its oxide cannot be reduced

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18
Q

How does aluminium have to be extracted?

A

Electrolysis of molten aluminium oxide

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19
Q

What is bad about electrolysis?

A

The process requires high temperature and a lot of electricity making extraction of things such as aluminium is expensive

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20
Q

What is pure aluminium like compared to alloys?

A

Pure aluminium is not very strong but aluminium alloys are stronger and harder

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21
Q

Can titanium be made by extracting them from their oxides with carbon?

A

No Titanium oxide can be reduced by carbon but the metal reacts with carbon making it brittle

22
Q

How is titanium extracted from its ore?

A

By a process that involves several stages and large amounts of energy, making this process expensive

23
Q

Why are titanium and aluminium resistant to corrosion?

A

They have a thin layer of their oxides on the surface

24
Q

What is aluminium used as?

A

Aircraft, trains, saucepans, cooking foil

25
Q

What is titanium used as?

A

Aircraft, hip joints, pipes in nuclear power stations

26
Q

Why is titanium useful for making aircraft engines?

A

Strong, resistant to corrosion, low density

27
Q

How can copper be extracted from copper rich ores?

A

Smelting-heating the ore strongly in a furnace

28
Q

What does smelting copper produce?

A

Impure copper

29
Q

How is impure copper purified?

A

Electrolysis

30
Q

What is bad abou the process of smelting and purifying copper?

A

Requires huge amounts of electricity and heating

31
Q

What is photomining?

A

Uses plants to absorb copper compounds from the ground the plants are burned and produce ash from which copper can be extracted

32
Q

How are scientists trying to find methods of extractions copper?

A

Developing new ways of extracting copper from low grade ores which will have less environmental impacts

33
Q

What is bioleaching?

A

Using bacteria to produce solutions containing copper compounds

34
Q

How can copper be obtained by displacement?

A

Solutions of copper compounds can be reacted with a metal that is more reactive than copper such as scrap iron

35
Q

Can copper be extracted by electrolysis?

A

Yes

36
Q

What three ways can Be used to produce copper metal from its compounds?

A

Smelting
Electrolysis
Displacement

37
Q

What are the elements on the central back of the periodic table called?

A

Transition metals

38
Q

What properties do the transition metals have?

A

Metals with similar properties; they are good conductors of heat and electricity, are strong, can be bent

39
Q

What properties does copper have?

A

Good conductors of heat
Does not react with water
Can be bent
Good conductors of electricity

40
Q

What is copper used for?

A

Pipes

Electrical wiring

41
Q

What is usually used instead of pure metals?

A

Alloys as they are stronger

42
Q

What is iron made into?

A

Steels

43
Q

What is gold used for?

A

It is used as an alloy for jewellery

44
Q

What is aluminium used for?

A

It is alloyed and used in buildings and aircraft

45
Q

What are copper alloys?

A

Bronze and brass

46
Q

What is bad about mining?

A

It involves digging up and processing large amounts of rock which can produce large amounts of waste

47
Q

Why is recycling important?

A

It saves the energy needed to extract the metal it saves resources because les sore need to be mined and less fossil fuels need to be used

48
Q

What are the benefits of using metals in construction?

A 
Storing
Can be bent
Can be made into flexible,wires
Good d
Electrical conductors
49
Q

What are the disadvantages of using metals in construction?

A

Causes pollution
Uses limited resources
More expensive than other materials
Iron and steel rust

50
Q

Why is gold found in the earth as the metal?

A

It is very unreactive and low in the reactivity

51
Q

Name three types of steel and a property for each

A

Low carbon steel, easily shaped

High carbon steel, hard stainless steel resists corrosion

52
Q

What is an ore?

A

Rock which contains enough metal to make it economically worthwhile to extract the metal

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