METALS AND THEIR USES Flashcards
What are metals?
Metals are elements, most of the elements on the periodic table are metals. They are conductors of heat and electricity, they are also strong, flexible and shiny.
what are the properties of metals?
1) Metals are malleable because the atoms in metal can easily slide over each other, this makes them bend and stretch.
2)metals have high melting and boiling points because there atoms are joined together with strong bonds.
What are alloys?
Alloys are combinations of different metals, the properties of the metals get jumbled up in the alloy.
Name some properties of non-metals?
1) Non-metals are insulators of heat and electricity and the forces between the particles are weak which means they break easily, they also wear away quickly.
2) Most non-metals don’t reflect light so they look dull.
What happens when a metal reacts with acid?
Metal + Acid —–> Salt + hydrogen
1) if the metal is above hydrogen in the reactive series then it will react with the acid and make a salt and hydrogen.
2) the metals below hydrogen in the reactivity series don’t react with acids.
3) the reactions become less and less exiting the more you go down the reactivity series.
Name some examples of metals reacting with acid?
1) zinc + sulfuric acid —–> Zinc sulfate + hydrogen
2) sodium + hydrochloric acid —–> sodium chloride + hydrogen
What are metal oxides?
1) When metals react with oxygen it make’s metal oxides.
e.g. magnesium + oxygen —–> magnesium oxide
2) Metal oxides are alkaline so when metal oxides react with acid they make a salt and water.
(acid + metal oxide —–> salt + water)
e.g. hydrochloric acid + copper oxide —–> copper chloride + water
What are non- metal oxides?
1) Non-metal oxidise are acidic and will react with alkalis to make a salt and water.
(alkali + non-metal —–> salt + water)
e.g. sodium hydroxide + silicon dioxide —–> sodium silicate + water
