Metals And Bonding Flashcards
Explain the structure of Graphite
Carbon atoms linked covalently to THREE other carbon atoms
Explain the structure of Diamond
Carbon atoms are linked covalently to FOUR other carbon atoms
What is the importance of the fourth electron in the Graphite structure?
Graphite is a sea of free moving electrons because the fourth electron is unbonded
List 4 properties of Graphite..
Appearance
Hardness
Conductivity
Melting point
Grey/black shiny solid
Very soft
Conducts electricity
Very high over 3600 degrees
What is a usage of graphite?
Pencil lubricants
List 4 properties of Diamond..
Appearance
Hardness
Conductivity
Melting point
Transparent/crystalline
Very hard
Electrical insulator
Very high over 3500 degrees
Name two uses of diamond?
Gemstones
Glass cutting, drill bits
What are carbon nanotubes? Conduct Strength Density Use
Roles of carbon hexagons
Conduct electricity ( used in semi conductors)
Very small diameter (10,000 times less than hair)
Extremely strong
Very Low density
Small electronic circuits
Property of Aluminium
Low density
Aeroplanes
Property of Ceramic
Hardness
Strength
Ceramic floor tiles
Property of diamond
Hardness
Lustrous
Gemstone
Property of Aluminium Oxide
Low friction
Low wear
Property of Teflon
Low friction
High melting point
Frying pan
Property of glass
Hardness
Transmits light
What is metallic bonding?
The electrostatic attraction between positive metal ions and delocalised electrons
In metallic bonding can they conduct electricity?
Yes
The electrons are free to move -move freely through the lattice
What are the melting points and boiling points of metals which have been metallically bonded together?
HIGH
STRONG attraction between the positive ions and negative electrons so takes a lot of ENERGY to break the metallic bonds
What is an ionic bond?
An electrostatic attraction between two oppositely charged ions
Does ionic bonds conduct electricity?
NO - as a solid ◼️
YES - molten or in solution
Does ionic bonding have high or low melting and boiling points?
HIGH
giant lattice is held together by strong ionic bonds so it takes a LARGE amount of ENERGY to break
What is Covalent bonding?
Strong attraction between nuclei and a shared pair of electrons
What holds atoms together in simple molecular compounds?
Covalent bonds
Do covalent bonds have low or high melting and boiling points?
LOW
Very LITTLE energy needed to over come INTERMOLECULAR forces
Do covalent bonds conduct electricity?
NO - No charged particles to flow
