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Chemistry GCSE* > METALS > Flashcards

METALS Flashcards

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1
Q

the order of metals in reactivity series

A

potassium, sodium, lithium, calcium, magnesium, aluminium, carbon, zinc, iron, tin, lead, hydrogen, copper, silver, gold and platinum

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2
Q

why are the metals higher up in the reactivity series more reactive

A

they only have one electron in their outer shell so tend to be more reactive

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3
Q

what reaction is a metal reaction with water or steam

A

displacement or redox reaction

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4
Q

describe the observations of the higher metals in the reactivity series with water or steam (K-Ca)

A

Reacts with cold water, very vigorous reaction giving a soluble metal hydroxide and hydrogen

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5
Q

describe the observations of the metals in the middle of the reactivity series and water or steam

A

very slow reaction with cold water so reacts when heated in steam producing an insoluble metal oxide and hydrogen

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6
Q

describe what happens to the metals below hydrogen in the reactivity series with water or steam

A

there is no reaction with water or steam as it is below hydrogen in the reactivity series so therefore the metal cannot compete with the hydrogen for the non metal part of the acid

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7
Q

describe what happens in the reaction of a metal and metal salts

A

if there is a more reactive metal , it can compete and displace the less reactive metal from its compound. (this experiment is usually performed in a solution)

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8
Q

describe the observations of silver (I) nitrate (V) solution and a small piece of lead metal

A

the silver lead turns black- the lead is higher up the reactivity series than silver so it takes the nitrate.

2Pb (s) + AgNO3 (aq) -> Pb(NO3)2 + 2Ag

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9
Q

describe the observations of copper (II) sulfate (VI) solution and iron wool

A

copper sulfate turns clearer and less blue, the iron wool turns red. iron is higher up the RS than copper.

CuSO4 + Fe -> FeSO4 + Cu

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10
Q

describe the observations of Lead (I) nitrate (V) and a small piece of magnesium

A

the magnesium turns black , magnesium is higher up the reactivity series than lead.

Pb(NO3)2 + Mg -> 2Mg(NO3)2 + Pb

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11
Q

describe the observations of magnesium nitrate (V) solution and a piece of zinc

A

no reaction and it’s lower on the RS.

Mg(NO3)2 + Zn -x>

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12
Q

what colour is magnesium

A

silver

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13
Q

what colour is zinc

A

silver

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14
Q

what colour is iron

A

silver

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15
Q

what colour is copper

A

pink/brown

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16
Q

what colour is cobalt

A

silver

17
Q

what colour is magnesium nitrate solution

A

colourless

18
Q

what colour is zinc nitrate solution

A

colourless

19
Q

what colour is iron nitrate solution

A

green

20
Q

what colour is a copper nitrate solution

A

blue

21
Q

what colour is a cobalt nitrate solution

A

pink

22
Q

what is an ore

A

a solid compound of a metal which the metal can be extracted economically

23
Q

when is a metal compound not an ore

A

aluminium is the most abundant metal in the earths crust (more than any other metal in the earth). it’s extracted from bauxite, impure aluminium oxide. soil also contains aluminium compounds but would be extremely expensive to extract aluminium from soil. Hence bauxite is an ore of aluminium, soil is not.

24
Q

what are the 3stages of extracting metals

A

mining the metal ore and concentrating it

conversion of the metal ore into metal

purification

25
Q

what is the process of extracting metals called

A

reduction - the metal gains electrons

26
Q

in the extraction of zinc from its ore, what reactions take place?

A

2ZnS + 3O2 -> 2ZnO + SO2

2ZnO + C -> Zn + CO2

27
Q

how does the position in the reactivity series affect the the extraction of the metal

A

if the metal is higher in the reactivity series the harder it is to extract the metal

28
Q

How do displacement reactions occur ?

A

these reactions occur between two solids and need strong heating before a reaction can occur

Chemistry GCSE* (7 decks)

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