Metals Flashcards
What are the three main Categories that metals are classified into ?
- ferrous
- non- ferrous
- alloys
What are the advantages of joining metals together ?
In comparison to pure metals, they have better corrosion resistance, lower costs, higher strength and better workability
Where is metal sourced from ?
They are often sourced from mines in the form of ores.
What is used to increase the hardness of iron ?
Carbon is a common additive used to increase the hardness
What do all ferrous metals contain ?
Iron (Fe)
What are ferrous metals ?
Metals that contain iron , are magnetic and can rust
What are non ferrous metals ?
Metals that do not contain iron , aren’t magnetic and can’t rust
What is an alloy ?
It is a combination of two or more metals, or two or more elements , one of which must be a metal
Properties of low carbon steel ?
- malleable
- ductile
- relatively inexpensive in comparison to other metals
- has a good tensile strength however it is lower than higher carbon steel
-easy to weld
What type of metal is low carbon steel ?
Ferrous metal
What are the applications of low carbon steel ?
- nuts / bolts
- automotive parts
Why is low carbon steel used in refrigerator panels ?
-relatively cheap
- hard
- easy to form - press former
- easy to weld
What are the properties of medium carbon steel ?
-less ductile than low carbon steel
- hard
- malleable
- tough
- good tensile strength
What are the applications of medium carbon steel ?
Applications include gears , springs , rail tracks and machine parts
What properties make it suitable for medium carbon steel to be used for gears ?
They have a good wear resistance , can be hardened , widely available and are relatively inexpensive.
What are the properties of grey cast iron ?
-distributes heat evenly
- withstands compression resisting deformation
- very hard
- good resistance to oxidation
- can be brittle and has a low impact resistance
What are the applications of grey cast iron ?
- radiators
- cookware
- stoves
What are the properties of white cast iron ?
- excellent resistance to abrasion
- greater tensile strength than grey cast iron
- hard and brittle
- can be cast with little shrinkage
What are applications of white cast iron ?
Applications include extrusion nozzles , dies , stone crushers and industrial rollers
What are the stock forms that metals can come in ?
- sheets varying thicknesses of 1mm to 3mm
- plates , generally thicker than 3mm and narrower
- bars
- tubes , hollow cross sectional
- structural angular shapes such as H beams , L beams ..
How is metals extracted ?
The raw metal is extracted from the ore through a combination of crushing, smelting or heating , with additional chemicals and huge amounts of energy
