Metals Flashcards
Why do Metals conduct electricity?
The delocalised electrons are the reason for metals being conductors of electricity.
What are the products of a reaction between a metal and water?
Metal Hydroxide + Hydrogen (g)
What is the products of a reaction between a Metal and Acid?
Salt + Hydrogen (g)
What is the product of a reaction between a Metal and Oxygen?
Metal Oxide
What are three examples of unreactive metals?
Silver
Gold
Platinum
What is the test for Oxygen gas?
Relights a glowing splint.
What is the test for Hydrogen?
Burns with a pop.
What are the two tests for Carbon Dioxide?
Extinguishes a burning splint.
Causes limewater to change from colourless to cloudy.
How do you extract the least reactive metals?
A small amount of heat.
How do you extract “Middle” reactive metals?
Using heat and carbon/carbon dioxide
How do you extract the most reactive metals?
Lots of heat energy (enough to melt the ore) or electrolysis.
Why is DC current used for electrolysis?
DC current is used so the products can be identified.
What is the definition of Metallic Bonding?
A metallic bond is formed when the electrostatic force of attraction between positively charged ions and delocalised electrons.
What is meant by a delocalised electron?
Free to move.
What is meant by the term Oxidation?
Oxidation is loss, for example a lithium ion would lose an electron to achieve a stable electron arrangement, and becomes an ion.
What is meant by the term Reduction?
Reduction is gain, for example an oxygen atom would gain two electrons to achieve a stable electron arrangement and become an ion.
What is a Redox reaction?
When oxidation happens, reduction happens as well. When reduction happens, oxidation happens as well.
What is a Displacement reaction?
A type of redox reaction. When a metal higher in the electrochemical series is added to a solution of a metal lower in the electrochemical series the higher metal kicks out the lower metal.
How does the distance between two metals on the electrochemical series affect the voltage produced?
The further apart the two metals are on the electrochemical series, the higher the voltage produced.
What is a cell?
Chemical energy converted to electrical energy.
How can a cell be made?
From two half cells connected by an ion bridge.
What is the purpose of an ion bridge?
To complete the circuit.
What is an ion bridge made of?
Filter paper soaked in electrolyte to complete the circuit.
Metals in half cells should by kept in what type of solution and why?
Metals should be kept in a solution of their own ions to prevent any side reactions.
Which metal gives the other electrons in a half cell?
The metal higher in the electrochemical series gives electrons to the metal lower in the electrochemical series.
What can be used as electrodes in half cells that are not metals?
Graphite electrodes.
