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National 5 Chemistry > Metals > Flashcards

Metals Flashcards

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1
Q

Why do Metals conduct electricity?

A

The delocalised electrons are the reason for metals being conductors of electricity.

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2
Q

What are the products of a reaction between a metal and water?

A

Metal Hydroxide + Hydrogen (g)

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3
Q

What is the products of a reaction between a Metal and Acid?

A

Salt + Hydrogen (g)

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4
Q

What is the product of a reaction between a Metal and Oxygen?

A

Metal Oxide

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5
Q

What are three examples of unreactive metals?

A

Silver
Gold
Platinum

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6
Q

What is the test for Oxygen gas?

A

Relights a glowing splint.

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7
Q

What is the test for Hydrogen?

A

Burns with a pop.

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8
Q

What are the two tests for Carbon Dioxide?

A

Extinguishes a burning splint.

Causes limewater to change from colourless to cloudy.

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9
Q

How do you extract the least reactive metals?

A

A small amount of heat.

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10
Q

How do you extract “Middle” reactive metals?

A

Using heat and carbon/carbon dioxide

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11
Q

How do you extract the most reactive metals?

A

Lots of heat energy (enough to melt the ore) or electrolysis.

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12
Q

Why is DC current used for electrolysis?

A

DC current is used so the products can be identified.

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13
Q

What is the definition of Metallic Bonding?

A

A metallic bond is formed when the electrostatic force of attraction between positively charged ions and delocalised electrons.

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14
Q

What is meant by a delocalised electron?

A

Free to move.

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15
Q

What is meant by the term Oxidation?

A

Oxidation is loss, for example a lithium ion would lose an electron to achieve a stable electron arrangement, and becomes an ion.

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16
Q

What is meant by the term Reduction?

A

Reduction is gain, for example an oxygen atom would gain two electrons to achieve a stable electron arrangement and become an ion.

17
Q

What is a Redox reaction?

A

When oxidation happens, reduction happens as well. When reduction happens, oxidation happens as well.

18
Q

What is a Displacement reaction?

A

A type of redox reaction. When a metal higher in the electrochemical series is added to a solution of a metal lower in the electrochemical series the higher metal kicks out the lower metal.

19
Q

How does the distance between two metals on the electrochemical series affect the voltage produced?

A

The further apart the two metals are on the electrochemical series, the higher the voltage produced.

20
Q

What is a cell?

A

Chemical energy converted to electrical energy.

21
Q

How can a cell be made?

A

From two half cells connected by an ion bridge.

22
Q

What is the purpose of an ion bridge?

A

To complete the circuit.

23
Q

What is an ion bridge made of?

A

Filter paper soaked in electrolyte to complete the circuit.

24
Q

Metals in half cells should by kept in what type of solution and why?

A

Metals should be kept in a solution of their own ions to prevent any side reactions.

25
Q

Which metal gives the other electrons in a half cell?

A

The metal higher in the electrochemical series gives electrons to the metal lower in the electrochemical series.

26
Q

What can be used as electrodes in half cells that are not metals?

A

Graphite electrodes.

National 5 Chemistry (9 decks)

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