Metals

Question 1

Physical properties of metals

Answer 1

Shiny
Good conductors of heat/electricity
High density
Malleable and ductile
Usually solid at room temperature
Sonorous (makes bell-like sounds when struck)

Question 2

Metal + Acid =

Answer 2

Salt + hydrogen

Question 3

Metal + Oxygen =

Answer 3

Metal Oxide

Question 4

Metal + Cold water =

Answer 4

Metal hydroxide + hydrogen

Question 5

Metal + Steam =

Answer 5

Metal oxide + hydrogen

Question 6

Alloy

Answer 6

An alloy is a mixture of two or more metals, or a mixture of one or more metals with non-metals. They are harder than pure metals

Question 7

Examples of Alloys

Answer 7

Brass: mixture of zinc and copper
Mild steel: Iron and up to 0.3% carbon
Stainless steel: Iron, nickel, chromium

Question 8

Reactivity Series

Answer 8

potassium, sodium, calcium, magnesium, zinc, iron, hydrogen, and copper

Question 9

Reactivity in cold water

Answer 9

Reactive metals such as sodium and potassium will react fine in cold water to produce hydroxide salts. Less reactive metals like copper will not react in cold water. They will only react in steam and produce oxide salts instead of hydroxide salts.

Question 10

Displacement reactions

Answer 10

Displacement reactions involve one ion replacing another based on reactivity

Question 11

Decomposition reactions

Answer 11

A decomposition reaction occurs when one reactant breaks down into two or more products

Question 12

What elements do not decompose when heated

Answer 12

Sodium and potassium hydroxides are exceptions and do not decompose when heated.

Question 13

Metal nitrates

Answer 13

Sodium and potassium nitrates decompose to nitrite + oxygen. Other metal nitrates however, decompose to the metal oxide, nitrogen dioxide, and oxygen.

Question 14

Metal hydroxide =

Answer 14

Metal oxide + water

Question 15

Metal carbonates

Answer 15

Metal carbonate + water

Question 16

How are reactive metals extracted

Answer 16

Reactive metals such as potassium, sodium, calcium, magnesium, and aluminium are extracted from their ores through electrolysis of a molten compound.

Question 17

Zinc extraction

Answer 17

The ore is zinc blende (ZnS)
This is roasted in the air to form the oxide
The oxide is heated with carbon in a furnace, where it is reduced to zinc
Zinc distills out of the furnace

Question 18

Uses of metals

Answer 18

Aluminium: Aircraft manufacture due to strength and low density
Food contains due to corrosion resistance
Zinc: Galvanizing and brass making
Copper: Electrical wiring and utensils
Steel: Car bodies and machinery
Stainless steel