Acids, Bases and Salts

Question 1

Ph scale

Answer 1

The pH scale is a measure of acidity or alkalinity of water soluble substances

Question 2

Acids have what type of concentration

Answer 2

High concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) in aqueous

Question 3

Bases have what type of concentration

Answer 3

High concentration of hydroxide ions (OH-) in aqueous

Question 4

Ph indicators

Answer 4

Litmus paper and methyl orange

Question 5

Litmus paper effects

Answer 5

Turns red in acid
Turns blue in alkali (soluble base)
No change in water

Question 6

Methyl orange effects

Answer 6

Turns red in acid
Turns yellow in alkali (soluble base)
Orange in water (original colour)

Question 7

Acid

Answer 7

A substance that generates hydrogen H+ ions in aqueous. It is a proton donor

Question 8

Base

Answer 8

A substance that generates hydroxide ions (OH-) in aqueous. It is a proton acceptor.

Question 9

Alkali

Answer 9

Soluble base

Question 10

Neutralization

Answer 10

Neutralization is the process by which an acid and base react to form water

Question 11

Insoluble bases

Answer 11

Metal oxides

Question 12

Acid + Metal =

Answer 12

Salt + Hydrogen

Question 13

Acid + base

Answer 13

Salt + water

Question 14

Salt

Answer 14

Ionic compound

Question 15

Acids + carbonates

Answer 15

Salt + Water + Carbon dioxide

Question 16

Base + ammonium salts

Answer 16

Salt + water + ammonia

Question 17

Strong Acid

Answer 17

A strong acid will have a high concentration of H+ ions because the molecules are completely ionized in aqueous solution e.g HCL

Question 18

Strong base

Answer 18

A strong base will have a high concentration of OH- ions because the molecules are completely ionized in aqueous solution e.g NaOH

Question 19

Weak acid

Answer 19

A weak acid will have a low concentration of H+ ions because the molecules are partially ionized in aqueous solution e.g ethanoic acid
(denoted by double arrow)

Question 20

Weak base

Answer 20

A weak base will have a low concentration of OH- ions because the molecules are partially ionized in aqueous solution e.g ammonia
(denoted by double arrow)

Question 21

Non-metal oxides are usually

Answer 21

neutral or acidic

Question 22

What oxides do not react with acids or bases

Answer 22

Neutral oxides such as water, nitrogen (II) oxide, and carbon monoxide do not react with acids or bases

Question 23

What oxides neutralize bases

Answer 23

Acidic oxides such as sulphur dioxide, sulphur trioxide, carbon dioxide, and oxides of phosphorus will turn litmus paper red and neutralize bases

Question 24

Amphoteric Oxides

Answer 24

Amphoteric oxides react with either a base or acid to form salt and water. They have properties of both bases and acids.

Question 25

Test for ammonia

Answer 25

turns damp red litmus paper blue

Question 26

Test for carbon dioxide

Answer 26

turns lime water milky

Question 27

Test for chlorine

Answer 27

bleaches damp litmus paper

Question 28

Test for hydrogen

Answer 28

when mixed with air, goes “pop” with lighted splint

Question 29

Test for oxygen

Answer 29

Relights a glowing splint