Electricity and Chemistry

Question 1

Electrolysis

Answer 1

Electrolysis is the breakdown of electrolytes or an ionic compound in either a molten or aqueous state §by the passage of electricity.

Question 2

Cathode

Answer 2

Negative electrode (attracts cations)

Question 3

Anode

Answer 3

Positive electrode (attracts anions)

Question 4

Cations

Answer 4

Positive (metal or hydrogen) ions

Question 5

Anions

Answer 5

Negative (non-metal) ions

Question 6

Inert anode

Answer 6

Carbon or platinum

Question 7

Reactive anode

Answer 7

Zinc or copper

Question 8

Molten

Answer 8

A molten substance means that the substance has been melted down

Question 9

Aqueous

Answer 9

An aqueous solution means that the substance is dissolved in water.

Question 10

Electrochemical series (cation)

Answer 10

Potassium ( k+)
Sodium( Na+)
Lithium ( Li+)
Calcium ( Ca+)
Magnesium ( Mg 2+)
Aluminium ( Al 3-)
Zinc ( Zn 2+)
Iron ( Fe 2+)
Tin ( Sn 2+ )
Lead (Pb 2+)
Hydrogen( H+)
Copper (Cu 2+)
Mercury ( Hg+ )
Silver ( Ag+)
Gold ( Au+ )

Question 11

Electrochemical series (anion)

Answer 11

Fluorine (F-)
Sulphate (SO4 2-)
Nitrate (NO3 -)
Chlorine (Cl-)
Bromine (Br-)
Iodine (I-)
Hydroxide (OH-)

Question 12

Electroplating

Answer 12

The process of coating metals with other metals or plastics

Question 13

Main ore of aluminium

Answer 13

Bauxite

Question 14

The electrodes in aluminium extraction is made of

Answer 14

Graphite

Question 15

Bauxite is changed to

Answer 15

Pure aluminium oxide (alumina)

Question 16

Purpose of cryolite

Answer 16

The point in cryolite is to lower the temperature from approximately 2000 to 900 degrees.

Question 17

Concentrated sodium chloride can be used in electrolysis to make

Answer 17

Hydrogen gas, chlorine gas, and sodium hydroxide

Question 18

Uses of chlorine

Answer 18

Chlorine can be then used in making solvents, treating drinking water, bleach,

Question 19

Uses of hydrogen

Answer 19

Hydrogen is used in the haber process, making fuels in cells, making margarine

Question 20

Uses of sodium hydroxide

Answer 20

Sodium hydroxide is used in soap manufacture