Metals

Question 1

were does Metallic Bonding occur?

Answer 1

• metallic elements, such as iron and copper
  -alloys, such as stainless steel

Question 2

Metallic structure

Answer 2

Metals have a giant structure in which electrons in the outer shell are delocalised (not bound to one atom). This produces a regular arrangement (lattice) or positive ions held together by electrostatic attraction to devlocalised electrons.

Question 3

What is metallic bonding?

Answer 3

A metallic bonding is the attraction between the positive ions and the delocalised negatively charged electrons.

Question 4

Properties of Metals

Answer 4

• Metallic bonds are very strong and most metals have high melting and boiling points. This means that they are useful structural materials.
• The delocalised electrons can move around freely and transfer energy. This makes metals good thermal and electrical conductor.
• The particles in pure metals have a regular arrangement.
• The layers are able to slide over each other quite easily, which means that metals can be bent and shaped.
• Traditionally, copper is used to make water pipes because:
  ~ it is an unreactive metal, so it does not react with water
  ~ it can be easily shaped

Question 5

Aluminium
uses and property

Answer 5

Uses: High-voltage power cables, furniture, drinks cans, foil food wrap
property: corrosion reistant, ductile, malleable, good conductivity, low desity

Question 6

Copper
uses and property

Answer 6

Uses: Electrical wring, water pipes, saucepans
property: Ductile, Malleable, good conductivity

Question 7

Gold
uses and property

Answer 7

Uses: Jewellery, electrical junctions
property: Ductile, shiny, good conductivity

Question 8

What is a Alloy

Answer 8

Mixtures that contain a metal and at least one other element. Most objects are made from Alloy.

Question 9

What does alloys ( the added element do)

Answer 9

In alloys, the added element disturbs the regular arrangement of the metal atoms so the layers do not slide over each other so easily. Meaning alloys are usually stronger and harder than pure metals.

Question 10

Are pure metals stronger and harder than Alloys?

Answer 10

NO!! Alloys are much stronger and harder than pure metals.

Question 11

What is steel?

Answer 11

Steel is a very useful alloy made from iron.

Question 12

How are the atoms in pure iron arranged?

Answer 12

Atoms in pure iron are arranged in layers that can slide over each other easily, making it soft and malleable

Question 13

1) Can iron be shaped really easily?
2) But it is not too soft for many particle uses. True/false

Answer 13

1)Yes it can.
2) false

Question 14

How can the properties of iron be changed?

Answer 14

By mixing it with small quantities of carbon or other metals to make steel.

Question 15

In steel what determines its properties?
Properties of different steel elements:

Answer 15

In steel, the amount of carbon and/ or other elements determines its properties:
- steel with a high carbon content is hard and strong
- steel with a low carbon content is soft and easily shaped
- stainless steel contains chromium and nickel and is hard and resistant to corrosion.