Metals Flashcards
What are Metals used for
To speed up reactions
What are ores?
Naturally occurring rocks that contain metals or metal compounds in sufficient amounts to make them worthwhile extracting them.
What are some properties of metals?
Lestre (shiny)
Malleable (able to be moulded)
Ducitile(drawn into wires)
Thermal conductor
Electrical conductor
What does a metallic structure exist as
a giant lattice of positively charged ions delocalised outer electrons
What is the Order of Reactivity
Potassium
Sodium
Lithium
Calcium
Magnesium
Aluminium
Zinc
Iron
Copper
Silver
Gold
What is Electrolysis
Electrolysis is using electrolysis to separate a compound into its elements
What metals are extracted using electrolysis
PoSocCaMaAl
Potassium
Sodium
Calcium
Magnesium
Aluminium
What metals are extracted using heat and carbon/carbon monoxide
Zinc
Iron
Lead
Copper
What metals are extracted using heat alone?
Mercury
silver
gold
Platinum
What is an alloy?
a mixture of a metal and at least one other element (steel=carbon + others)
In ionic Formula equations, what kind of states do charges go on?
aqueous solutions and ionic solids
What is oxidation
the loss of electrons
the gain of oxygen
What is reduction
the heating of a metal
The loss of oxygen
The gain of electrons
Where do electrons flow
Through the wires of a device
What is electricity
the flow of charged particles
What is an electrolyte
a liquid that conducts electricity and completes the circuit
What is the purpose of the ion bridge
to complete the circuit
Why must direct current b used for electrolysis
DC allows the products to form separate electrodes
What feature of Metallic bonding allows metals to conduct electricity
Delocalised outer electrons
Name 2 metals that do not react with oxygen
Gold and silver
Which metals do not react with acid?
Metals above hydrogen in the EC series
Which metals react with water
Metals above and including magnesium
How could you determine the order of reactivity of the metals
React the metals with water, acid and hydrogen
How would you use a metal to produce a soluble salt
Add acid until it no longer reacts with the metal
Then filter the soluition and evaporate it
How would you use a metal to produce a soluble salt
Add acid until it no longer reacts with the metal
Then filter the solution and evaporate it
What are the 3 methods used to extract metals from their ores
Electrolysis
Heating with carbon or carbon monoxide
Heat alone
What happens to the metal ions during the extraction of metals
reduction
What happens to the positive ions during electrolysis
They move to the negative electrode and are reduced
What happens to the negative ions during electrolysis
They move to the positive electrode and are oxidised
What is a 1/2 cell
When we only have 1/2 of a reaction and its not joined to the other half
How could you produce a bigger voltage in a cell?
increase the gap of metals in the EC series
What is a Redox eq
When reduction and oxidation occur simultaneously
Metal + oxygen
Metal oxide
Metal + water
Metal hydroxide + hydrogen
Metal + dilute acide
Salt + hydrogen
What does a battery release through chemical energy
Electrical energy
