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National 5 Chemistry > Metals > Flashcards

Metals Flashcards

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1
Q

What are Metals used for

A

To speed up reactions

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2
Q

What are ores?

A

naturally occurring compounds of metals

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3
Q

What are some properties of metals?

A

Lestre (shiny)
Malleable (able to be moulded)
Ducitile(drawn into wires)
Thermal conductor
Electrical conductor

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4
Q

What does a metallic structure exist as

A

a giant lattice of positively charged ions and delocalised outer electrons

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5
Q

What is the Order of Reactivity

A

Potassium
Sodium
Lithium
Calcium
Mg
Al
Zinc
Iron
Nickel
Tin
Lead

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6
Q

What is Electrolysis

A

using electricity to break up a compound

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7
Q

What metals are extracted using electrolysis

PoSocCaMaAl

A

Potassium
Sodium
Calcium
Magnesium
Aluminium

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8
Q

What metals are extracted using heat and carbon/carbon monoxide

A

Zinc
Iron
Lead
Copper

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9
Q

What metals are extracted using heat alone?

A

Mercury
silver
gold
Platinum

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10
Q

What is an alloy?

A

a mixture of a metal and at least one other element (steel=carbon + others)

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11
Q

In ionic Formula equations, what kind of states do charges go on?

A

aqueous solutions and ionic solids

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12
Q

What is oxidation

A

the loss of electrons
the gain of oxygen

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13
Q

What is reduction

A

the heating of a metal
The loss of oxygen
The gain of electrons

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14
Q

Where do electrons flow

A

Through the wires of a device

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15
Q

What is electricity

A

the flow of charged particles

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16
Q

What is an electrolyte

A

a liquid that conducts electricity and completes the circuit

17
Q

What is the purpose of the ion bridge

A

to complete the circuit

18
Q

Why must direct current b used for electrolysis

A

DC allows the products to form separate electrodes

19
Q

What feature of Metallic bonding allows metals to conduct electricity

A

Delocalised outer electrons

20
Q

Name 2 metals that do not react with oxygen

A

Gold and silver

21
Q

Which metals do not react with acid?

A

Metals above hydrogen in the EC series

22
Q

Which metals react with water

A

Metals above and including magnesium

23
Q

How could you determine the order of reactivity of the metals

A

React the metals with water, acid and hydrogen

24
Q

How would you use a metal to produce a soluble salt

A

Add acid until it no longer reacts with the metal

Then filter the soluition and evaporate it

25
Q

How would you use a metal to produce a soluble salt

A

Add acid until it no longer reacts with the metal

Then filter the solution and evaporate it

26
Q

What are the 3 methods used to extract metals from their ores

A

Electrolysis
Heating with carbon or carbon monoxide
Heat alone

27
Q

What happens to the metal ions during the extraction of metals

A

reduction

28
Q

What happens to the positive ions during electrolysis

A

They move to the negative electrode and are reduced

29
Q

What happens to the negative ions during electrolysis

A

They move to the positive electrode and are oxidised

30
Q

What is a 1/2 cell

A

When we only have 1/2 of a reaction and its not joined to the other half

31
Q

How could you produce a bigger voltage in a cell?

A

increase the gap of metals in the EC series

32
Q

What is a Redox eq

A

When reduction and oxidation occur simultaneously

33
Q

Metal + oxygen

A

Metal oxide

34
Q

Metal + water

A

Metal hydroxide + hydrogen

35
Q

Metal + dilute acide

A

Salt + hydrogen

36
Q

What does a battery release through chemical energy

A

Electrical energy

National 5 Chemistry (13 decks)

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