Hydrocarbons and Alchahols

Question 1

What does it mean if a hydrocarbon is unsaturated?

Answer 1

The compound has carbon to carbon double bonds

Question 2

What does it mean if a hydrocarbon is saturated?

Answer 2

The compound has carbon single bonds

Question 3

What is the test to see if a liquid is unsaturated?

Answer 3

orange - colourless

Question 4

What is an isomer?

Answer 4

compounds with the same mollecular formula, diffrent structural formula

Question 5

What is a homologous series?

Answer 5

family of compounds with the same general formula but similar chemical properties

Question 6

What is the first member of the alkanes?

Answer 6

methane

Question 7

What is the first member of the alkenes?

Answer 7

ethene

Question 8

What is the first member of the cycloalkanes?

Answer 8

cyclopropene

Question 9

What is the general formula for Alkanes?

Answer 9

C2H2n+2

Question 10

What is the general formula for alkenes?

Answer 10

CnH2n

Question 11

What is the general formula for cycloalkanes?

Answer 11

CnH2n

Question 12

what groups are isomers?

Answer 12

Alkenes + Cycloalkanes

Question 13

What is the general formula for cycloalkenes

Answer 13

CnH2n-2

Question 14

What is an exothermic reaction

Answer 14

when heat EXITS (gets released) into it’s surroundings

Question 15

What is an endothermic reaction

Answer 15

when heat is taken in from surroundings

Question 16

How can you improve the “energy released” experiment?

Answer 16

use a drought shield to prevent heat loss
have a good supply of oxygen to prevent incomplete combustions

Question 17

What does the E in E=CM∆T stand for

Answer 17

Energy Released

Question 18

What does the C in E=CM∆T stand for

Answer 18

4.18kj kg-1 ℃-1

Question 19

What does the M in E=CM∆T stand for

Answer 19

Mass of Water

Question 20

What MUST you do to the mass when calculating E=CM∆T

Answer 20

convert to litres

Question 21

Alkene + water =

Answer 21

Alchohols

Question 22

What are the 3 addition reactions

Answer 22

Bromination
Hydrogenation
Hydration

Question 23

What is the function group of alchohols

Answer 23

hydroxyl group

Question 24

What is the function group of carboxylic acids

Answer 24

carboxyl group

Question 25

What do acids end in

Answer 25

oic

Question 26

What do salts end in

Answer 26

oate

Question 27

What happens when the carbon chain (formula mass) increases?

Answer 27

the solubility decreases

Question 28

What is the general formula for Alchohols

Answer 28

CnH2n+1OH

Question 29

What is the formula for Carboxylic acids?

Answer 29

CnH2n+1COOH

Question 30

Why do bigger carbon chains have higher melting and boiling points

Answer 30

as the carbon chain length increases, the no. of electrons increases which makes bonds stronger
= they need more energy to be broken down

Question 31

Alkene + Bromine solution

Answer 31

Dibromoalkane

Question 32

Alkene + Hydrogen

Answer 32

Alkane

Question 33

Alkene+water

Answer 33

Alchohol

Question 34

When is only one product made during hydrogenation

Answer 34

Even no of carbons

Double bond in the middle

Question 35

What is an incomplete combustion

Answer 35

When a substance burns in a limited supply of oxygen

Question 36

What acid does vinegar have

Answer 36

Ethanol acid

Won’t kill you

Question 37

What are alkenes used for

Answer 37

Making plastic

Question 38

What are alkane used for

Answer 38

Gas (heating,cooking,lighter fluid)

Question 39

What are carboxylic acids for

Answer 39

Cleaning products