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MATSE 111i > Metallic Materials: Mineral Processing (Module 1-4) > Flashcards

Metallic Materials: Mineral Processing (Module 1-4) Flashcards

1
Q

The natural form of metals are generally in what form?

A

Combined Form

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2
Q

Metals are found in the Earth’s crust, concentrated at certain regions. These regions are also called _____.

A

Ore Body

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3
Q

What main activity is done to extract metals from the earth’s crust?

A

Mining

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4
Q

The product of mining operations are practically large chunks of rocks (in the order of a meter). These large chunks of rocks contain ____ and a large part of ____.

A

These large chunks of rocks contain valuable mineral and a large part of gangue.

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5
Q

T/F: Our valuable minerals are still embedded and we need to free them up from as-mined (or run-of-mine) ore.

A

True

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6
Q

It is the liberation of valuable minerals from the ores by crushing and grinding and their separation by physical methods.

A

Mineral Processing

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7
Q

T/F: Mineral processing is also called mineral dressing, gangue processing, and mineral beneficiation.

A

False. Mineral processing is also called mineral dressing, ore processing, and mineral beneficiation.

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8
Q

Mineral processing is a branch in the field of ____.

A

Extractive Metallurgy

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9
Q

What are the four principal types of mineral processing operations?

A

A. Comminution
B. Sizing
C. Concentration
D. Dewatering

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10
Q

Comminution, sizing, concentration, and dewatering (CSCD) are what we call ____, which are the basic steps in mineral processing. These are not isolated activities, but parts of a large process.

A

Unit Operations

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11
Q

It is the reduction of the ore to smaller sizes. The whole operation of reducing the crude ore to the fineness necessary for mechanical separation or metallurgical treatment. It can be performed wet or dry.

A

Comminution

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12
Q

What are the goals of comminution?

A

a. Liberation
b. Production of particles of the required size and shape
c. Increase of the surface area for chemical reaction

[mnemonic: LSS-SA (liberation, size and shape, surface area)]

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13
Q

What are the two sub-operations under comminution?

A

a. Crushing

b. Grinding

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14
Q

What is the difference between primary (course) grinding and secondary (fine) crushing?

A

Primary grinding is the reduction of the ore-as-mined to ~100 mm using Jaw Crushers and Gyratory Crushers.

Secondary grinding is the reduction of the ore-as-mined to ~10 mm uding Cone Crushers and Roll Crushers

[mnemonic: Primary schooler gets a 100 jaw spins. Secondary schooler gets 10 cones of ice cream rolls.]

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15
Q

It is the breaking down of relatively coarse materials to the ultimate fineness using Ball Mills and Rod Mills.

A

Grinding

[mnemonic: Grinding with my ball and rod rawr.]

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16
Q

It is the separation of a material into various size forms. The separation only involves size, not the valuable minerals from the gangue.

A

Sizing

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17
Q

What are the two basic operations under sizing?

A

a. Screening or sieving

b. Classification

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18
Q

Under this operation of sizing, particles are subjected to pass through an aperture of particular size and shape (sieves or screens). It is also generally placed in between communition steps to control the sizes of particles entering a particula crusher or grinder.

A

Screening or Sieving

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19
Q

T/F: There are various mesh configurations depending on the size of the ore.

A

False. There are various mesh configurations depending on the nature of the ore.

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20
Q

Under this operation of sizing, the separation depends on the settling velocity of particles in a fluid (either air or water). It is usually conducted for particles in the range of 1 mm to 50 microns.

A

Classification

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21
Q

T/F: Particles of various sizes and densities settle with different velocities.

A

True

22
Q

What are the five factors affecting the settling of particles? (Sizing > Classification)

A

a. Specific Gravity of Particles
b. Shape of Particles
c. Size of Particles
d. Density of Fluids
e. Viscosity of Fluids

23
Q

What do we call the equipment that are used to classify crushed and ground materials?

A

Classifiers

[more specific: Spiral Classifier]

24
Q

It is the separation and collection of most of the valuable minerals in a small bulk.

A

Concentration

25
Q

Concentration is achieved through what processes? Give five examples.

A

a. Washing
b. Gravity Separation
c. Electrical Separation
d. Surface-chemical Separation
e. Magnetic Separation

26
Q

T/F: In concentration, we are now able to combine a substantial amount of the valuable mineral from the gangue.

A

False. In concentration, we are now able to separate a substantial amount of the valuable mineral from the gangue.

27
Q

What are the four types of concentration in the module?

A

a. Gravity Concentration
b. Magnetic Concentration
c. Electrostatic Concentration
d. Flotation

28
Q

What are the two types of Gravity Concentration? [Concentration > Gravity Concentration]

A

a. Jigging (or Gravity Concentration in Vertical Currents)

b. Flowing Film Concentration

29
Q

It is in which specific gravity and sizes are the bases for affecting concentration.

A

Gravity Concentration

30
Q

In this type of gravity concentration, the concentration is based on th maximum terminal velocity of a particle.

A

Jigging or Gravity Concentration in Vertical Currents

31
Q

Jigging results to what three products?

A

a. Gangue Tailing
b. Concentrate
c. Dense Fine Particles

32
Q

What equipment is used in jigging?

A

Jig

33
Q

In this type of gravity concentration, the concentration is based in the behavior of particles in a flowing film.

A

Flowing Film Concentration

34
Q

What are the three products of Flowing Film Concentration

A

a. Relatively Heavy Concentrate
b. Light Gangue Minerals
c. Middlings

35
Q

What equipment is used in Flowing Film Concentration

A

Shaking Table

36
Q

This is applicable to magnetic materials in which a magnetic field is applied on a rotating drum positioned over a chute of mixed ore and gangue. The magnetic materials are separated from the gangue due to the action of the applied magnetic field on the drum.

A

Magnetic Concentration

37
Q

What equipment is used in Magnetic Concentration?

A

Magnetic Drum Separator

38
Q

In this type of Concentration, the separation is carried out by utilizing the forces acting on charged or polarized particles in an electric field. A grounded rotor induces a temporary positive charge on the conductive particles which results to their attraction to a negatively charged electrode.

A

Electrostatic Concentration

39
Q

What equipment is used in Electrostatic Separation?

A

Electrostatic Separator

40
Q

This type of Concentration relies on the behavior of the surface of the particles as they are submerged in a fluid. A complex physico-chemical process taking place in an ore pulp with water, by which the surfaces of one or more minerals in the finely ground pulp are made water-repellent and responsive to attachment to air bubbles.

A

Flotation

41
Q

Separation is accomplished as the mineral-laden bubbles rise to the surface and leave behind minerals or ore particles which have not responded to the treatment.

A

Flotation

42
Q

What equipment is used in Flotation under Concentration?

A

Flotation Cells

43
Q

It is the solid-liquid separation under mineral processing.

A

Dewatering

44
Q

What are the three reasons for dewatering?

A

a. Weight Decrease
b. Characteristics Adjustment
c. Recover and Recycle

45
Q

What are the two stages of dewatering?

A

a. Thickening

b. Filtering

46
Q

This stage of dewatering reduces the liquid:solid ratio from 10:1 to 2:1 or 1:1. It allows a dilute suspension of fine solids in a liquid to settle in a tank, until a clear liquid layer is at a the top above a thicker mud layer (contains the concentrate).

A

Thickening

47
Q

What can be added to concentrated slurries to allow suspended particles to aggregate and settle faster?

A

Flocculants

48
Q

What equipment is used in Thickening under Dewatering?

A

Thickener

49
Q

This stage of Dewatering reduces the liquid:solid ratio from 1:1 to ~6-10% moisture. It involves the removal of solid particles from a liquid by passing the fluid through a filtering medium on which the solids build up.

A

Filtering

50
Q

What equipment is used in Filtering under Dewatering?

A

Filtering Drum

51
Q

T/F: The metal in the filter cake is almost pure with very low water content.

A

False. The metals in the filter cake are still in combined form. We were just able to mechanically separate them from much of the gangue.

MATSE 111i (6 decks)

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