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Engineering Materials > Metallic Materials > Flashcards

Metallic Materials Flashcards

1
Q

What is a Metallic Bond?

A

– bond with one, two, or three valence electrons
– Non-directional bond valence electrons free to drift through the entire material forming a “sea of electrons” surrounding net positive ionic cores
– non-directional bond

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2
Q

Properties of metallics

A

– good conductors of electricity and heat
– shiny appearance
– susceptible to corrosion
– strong, but deformable

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3
Q

What do Ferrous alloys contain?

A

They contain Iron (Ferrous) as base metal

– Magnetic

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4
Q

What do Non-Ferrous alloys contain?

A

materials and alloys based on other metals

– non-magnetic

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5
Q

What materials are used to create Iron

A

Iron Ore, Limestone, Cocaine (Coke)

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6
Q

In what state is Iron found?

A

– Iron not found in ‘free state’ and must be found in rocks and oxides, hence Iron ore

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7
Q

How is iron separated from its ore?

A

The ore is crushed
and the iron is separated then
made into pellets, balls or briquettes using binders, such as water.
The pellets are typically 65% iron, and about 1” in diameter.

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8
Q

How is coke formed

A

Coke is formed by heating coal to 1150°C, then cooling it in quenching towers
Like injecting cocaine, it must be heated first before shooting up

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9
Q

What is the purpose of coke?

A

Used as fuel. Generates high heat needed in order for chemical reactions in ironmaking to take place
Similar to taking cocaine which would increase your energy levels and make you feel wide-awake

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10
Q

What does coke produce?

A

Produces carbon monoxide (CO)
& reduces the iron-oxide to iron
Like the effects of carbon monoxide on humans, cocaine can cause death as a result of overdose
Don’t do drugs kids

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11
Q

What is limestone?

A

Flux/Purifying agent

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12
Q

What is limestones purpose?

A

Calcium carbonate - removes
impurities during ironmaking
process

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13
Q

How does limestone remove impurities

A

limestone combines with impurities
• mixture floats to top of metal YOU SLAG
slag can be removed to purify the iron or alloy

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14
Q

What is a blast furnace used for

A

used for metal and alloy production
– Multi-step process
– Reduction of iron oxide

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15
Q

What are the three basic basic fabrication methods of manufacturing?

A

Forming, Joining, Casting

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16
Q

What does forming involve

A

Shaping the metal using
forging tools (wrenches, crankshafts) drawing tools (Rods, wire, tubing)
Rolling (I-beams, rails)
Extrusion (rod, tubing)

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17
Q

What are the casting types?

A

Sand Casting, Investment Casting, Die Casting, Continuous Casting

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18
Q

What are the joining methods?

A

Power Processing, Welding

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19
Q

Why are different elements added to steels? Give examples

A 
Different elements are added to steels to give the steel different properties
• hardenability
• strength
• hardness
• toughness
• wear resistance
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20
Q

What effect does boron have?

A

Boron: Improves hardenability without loss of

machinability and formability

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21
Q

What effect does calcium have?

A

Deoxidizes steels, improves toughness, and may improve formability and machinability

22
Q

What effect does carbon have

A

Improves hardenability, strength, hardness, and wear resistance;
Reduces ductility, weldability, and toughness

23
Q

What effect does cerium have

A

Controls the shape of inclusions and improves toughness in high-strength
low alloy steels; it deoxidizes steels

24
Q

What effect does Chromium have

A

Improves toughness, hardenability, wear, corrosion resistance, and
high-temperature strength;
Increases the depth of the hardness penetration

25
Q

What effect does Cobalt have

A

Improves resistance to atmospheric corrosion
Adversely affects the hot-working
characteristics and surface quality

26
Q

What effect does Lead have

A

Improves machinability; it causes liquid-metal embrittlement

27
Q

What effect does Magnesium have

A

has the same effects as cerium

28
Q

What effect does Manganese have

A

Improves hardenability, strength, abrasion resistance, and machinability
Deoxidizes the molten steel, reduce shot shortness, and decreases weldability

29
Q

Here ,

there are way more materials and their affects but

A

Fuck that, its way too long

learn is yourself you lazy bastard

30
Q

What is
the most
commonly used metal types

A

Carbon and alloying steels

31
Q

Increasing the percentages of alloying elements

in steels..

A

increases the properties they impart

32
Q

Properties of Low Carbon Steels?

A 
0.1%% - 0.25%C
High formability, high ductility
Low Strength
Good Weldability
Cannot be heat treated
33
Q

Properties of Medium Carbon Steels?

A

0.25 -0.55% C
Good combination of strength and ductility
Strengthened by heat treatment
Weldable

34
Q

Properties of High Carbon Steels?

A

High hardness, low toughness,
difficult to machine
Low weldability
High strength

35
Q

Name a high allow steel

A

Stainless Steel

36
Q

Properties of stainless steel

A

corrosion resistance
high strength
ductility
chromium content

37
Q

What steels are used to make tools?

A

carbon steels, or alloyed steel

38
Q

What is Cast Iron?

A

Iron with 1.7 to 4.5 wt% carbon and 0.5 to 3 wt% silicon

Good castability, low cost

39
Q

Cast Iron Advantages

A
  • good castability
  • antivibration properties
  • low stress concentration
40
Q

Cast Iron disadvantages

A
  • high brittleness
  • non machinable (white cast iron, chilled cast iron)
  • cold brittleness
41
Q

What is grey cast iron

A

Flake graphite in a matrix of pearlite, ferrite or martensite

42
Q

What is white cast iron

A

– It is a particular variety of cast iron which

shows white fractures

43
Q

What is malleable cast iron

A

Malleable cast iron is obtained from white
cast iron by suitable heat treatment.

It is ductile and may be bent without
breaking or fracturing the section, used for making machine parts

44
Q

Characteristics of aluminium

A

Low density, Lightweight, soft, non-magnetic and high corrosion resistance

45
Q

Two classes of aluminium?

A

Heat Treatable

Non - Heat Treatable

46
Q

Properties of heat treatable wrought alloys

A
  • Medium-high mechanical strength
  • high ductility
  • high corrosion resistance
47
Q

Properties of non-heat treatable wrought alloys

A
  • Low mechanical strength
  • high ductility
  • high corrosion resistance
  • weldable
48
Q

Characteristics of Copper

A

Soft & Ductile
Excellent conductor of heat and electricity
Reasonably good corrosion resistance

49
Q

4 Groups of Copper

A

Unalloyed Copper, Brass, Bronze, Other copper alloys

50
Q

What is brass? Properties?

A

– copper and zinc alloy
– relatively low melting point
– Hard or soft based on zinc content
– Does not strike sparks

51
Q

What does brass stand for?

A

Big retarded and scary sausages

52
Q

What is bronze? Properties?

A

– copper and tin alloy
– relatively low melting point
– very ductile
– Low frictional properties

Engineering Materials (20 decks)

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