Metal extraction notes

Question 1

The ______________ the position of the metal in the ____________________________, the more ______________ the ______________ from its ore is.

Answer 1

higher, reactivity series, difficult, extraction

Question 2

Name the 12 metals in the reactivity series in descending order of reactivity.

Answer 2

Potassium
Sodium
Calcium
Magnesium
Aluminium
Zinc
Iron
Lead
Copper
Mercury
Silver
Gold

Question 3

Name the method of extraction for metals from potassium to aluminium in the metal reactivity series, and the type of this method.

Answer 3

Electrolysis of molten ores; chemical method.

Question 4

Name the method of extraction for metals from lead to zinc in the metal reactivity series, and the type of this method.

Answer 4

sulphide —heat in air—> oxide
oxide —heating with charcoal—> metal (carbon reduction)
chemical method

Question 5

Name the method of extraction for metals from mercury to copper in the metal reactivity series, and the type of this method.

Answer 5

sulphide —heat in air—> metal

Question 6

Name the method of extraction for metals from silver to gold in the metal reactivity series, and the type of this method.

Answer 6

Mechanical separation; physical method.

Question 7

Name the method of extraction for silver, and the type of this method.

Answer 7

Heat/ heating the ore alone; chemical method.

Question 8

Name the relationship between the reactivity of the metal in the reactivity series and the ease of extraction.

Answer 8

The more reactive the metal, the more difficult it is to extract.

Question 9

What is indicated about a metal’s reactivity if it can be extracted by heating with charcoal?

Answer 9

It is less reactive than carbon.

Question 10

What is indicated about a metal’s reactivity if it can be extracted by heating in air?

Answer 10

It is less reactive than oxygen.

Question 11

Explain why silver can be extracted by heating its ore alone.

Answer 11

This is because silver has a very low reactivity that only by heating alone can decompose the compound into elements.

Question 12

If a metal can be extracted by an easier method, ___________________________________________.

Answer 12

it can also be extracted by methods more difficult than it

Question 13

Heating can also be considered as a physical method, but only when ________________________________________________________________________________________.

Answer 13

it is used to evaporate liquids / carry out distillation / other processes in which only physical changes occur and no new substances are formed.

Question 14

Name the four types of possible reactions between different substances and metals.

Answer 14

Reaction with oxygen in air
Reaction with cold water
Reaction with steam
Reaction with dilute acid

Question 15

Name the metals that don’t react with oxygen in air, cold water, steam nor dilute acid in descending order of reactivity.

Answer 15

Silver
Platinum
Gold

Question 16

___________________ to ___________________ reacts with oxygen in air. Name the general word equation of this reaction.

Answer 16

Potassium, mercury; Metal + oxygen —heat—> metal oxide

Question 17

___________________ to ___________________ reacts with cold water. Name the general word equation of this reaction.

Answer 17

Potassium to calcium; Metal + water —> metal hydroxide + hydrogen gas

Question 18

___________________ to ___________________ reacts with steam (which in other words is _____________). Name the general word equation of this reaction.

Answer 18

Potassium, iron; 100°C water; metal + water —> metal oxide + hydrogen gas

Question 19

___________________ to ___________________ reacts with dilute acid such as __________________________. Name the general word equation of this reaction. What does the gas product of this reaction come from?

Answer 19

Potassium, lead; dilute hydrochloric acid; Metal + dilute acid —> metal salt + hydrogen gas; It comes from the dilute acid.

Question 20

The more reactive a metal, the ________________________________________________________________________.
Reactive metals such as ____________ show _________________ with _________________________________.
Unreactive metals such as ________________ ______________________ (_______________).

Answer 20

higher the number of types of substances that it shows reaction with; potassium, high reactivity, many different substances; gold do not react at all, no reactivity