Metabolism: Transfornations and Interactions

Question 1

Is glycolysis an aerobic or anaerobic process? Why?

Answer 1

Anaerobic because it occurs in the cytoplasm of the cell where there is no oxygen

Question 2

Where does the TCA cycle occur

Answer 2

In the mitochondria

Question 3

The breakdown of energy containing molecules is called what

Answer 3

Catabolism

Question 4

The synthesis of molecules is called

Answer 4

Anabolism

Question 5

The metabolic process of energy is, in order.

Answer 5

Glycolysis
TCA cycle
Electron transport chain

Question 6

In which part of the mitochondria does the TCA cycle occur

Answer 6

In the fluid of the mitochondria

Question 7

Where in the mitochondria does the electron transport chain occur

Answer 7

In the internal walls of the mitochondria

Question 8

One molecule of glucose that enters the glycolysis is turned into what after

Answer 8

Two molecules of private

Question 9

Pyruvate turns into what before entering the TCA cycle

Answer 9

Acetyl CoA

Question 10

What macronutrients are involved in energy metabolism in human cells

Answer 10

Amino acids
Carbohydrates
Fats
All of them !!

Question 11

What is an example of an anabolic reaction

Answer 11

Turning glucose into glycogen

Question 12

An example of a catabolic reaction

Answer 12

Breakdown of glycogen into glucose

Question 13

The energy released in catabolism must be captured as what to be used in anabolism

Answer 13

ATP

Question 14

Enzymes involved in metabolism also require what to function effectively

Answer 14

A coenzyme

Question 15

True or false. Acetyl CoA can be turned back into pyruvate

Answer 15

False

Question 16

Gluconeogensis is?

Answer 16

Turning 2 molecules of pyruvate into glucose

Question 17

During high exertion and O2 is inadequate what happens to pyruvate

Answer 17

It is turned into lactic acid

Question 18

The pathway of carbohydrate metabolism in order

Answer 18

Glucose absorbed
Goes through glycolysis turned into pyruvate
Turned into acetyl CoA enters TCA cycle
High energy electron carriers and ATP formed

Question 19

Where do lipids enter the energy metabolism pathway?

Answer 19

Glycerol is converted into pyruvate then acetyl CoA for the TCA cycle
Fatty acids are broken down and converted to acetyl CoA for the TCA cycle

Question 20

Which part of an amino acid is NOT used in metabolism

Answer 20

the amino group

Question 21

Amino acids enter which part of the energy metabolism pathway

Answer 21

The TCA cycle

Question 22

All energy containing nutrients consumed in excess can contribute to

Answer 22

Fat excess

Question 23

Fatty acid oxidation is

Answer 23

Turning fatty acids into acetyl CoA

Question 24

Glucose can be made into non-essential amino acids as long as what is present

Answer 24

Nitrogen

Question 25

Glucogenic amino acids are converted into what

Answer 25

Pyruvate and glucose

Question 26

Ketogenic amino acids can be converted into what

Answer 26

Acetyl CoA

Question 27

True or false. Some amino acids can enter the TCA cycle directly

Answer 27

True

Question 28

NAD+ is reduced to what

Answer 28

NADH

Question 29

FAD is reduced to what

Answer 29

FADH2

Question 30

The stages of liver deterioration from alcohol

Answer 30

Fibrosis

Cirrhosis

Question 31

Why does drinking alcohol make you fat

Answer 31

It interferes with metabolism of other macronutrients and is converted mainly to fat in the liver

Question 32

The organelles that produce energy in a cell

Answer 32

Mitochondria

Question 33

During a fast when glycogen stores have been depleted, the body begins to synthesis glucose from what

Answer 33

Amino acids

Question 34

During a fast, the body produces ketone bodies by?

Answer 34

Condensing acetyl CoA