Metabolism I

Question 1

Name the four metabolic processes that occur in the mitochondria.

Answer 1

Fatty acid oxidation (beta-oxidation), acetyl-CoA production, TCA cycle, oxidative phosphorylation (p.96)

Question 2

Name the six metabolic processes that occur in the cytoplasm.

Answer 2

Glycolysis, fatty acid synthesis, HMP shunt, protein synthesis (RER), steroid synthesis (SER), cholesterol synthesis (p.96)

Question 3

Name the three metabolic processes that occur in both the mitochondria and the cytoplasm.

Answer 3

Heme synthesis, the Urea cycle, Gluconeogenesis (HUG); (p.96)

Question 4

What is the function of a kinase?

Answer 4

Uses ATP to add a high energy phosphate group onto a substrate (p.96)

Question 5

What is the function of a phosphorylase?

Answer 5

Adds inorganic phosphate onto a substrate without using ATP (p.96)

Question 6

What is the function of a phosphatase?

Answer 6

Removes a phosphate group from a substrate (p.96)

Question 7

What is the function of a dehydrogenase?

Answer 7

Catalyzes an oxidation-reduction reaction (p.96)

Question 8

What is the function of a carboxylase?

Answer 8

Transfers a CO2 group with the help of biotin (p.96)

Question 9

What is the rate determining enzyme in Glycolysis?

Answer 9

Phosphofuctokinase-1 (PFK1) (p.97)

Question 10

What is the rate determining enzyme in Gluconeogenesis?

Answer 10

Fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase (p.97)

Question 11

What is the rate determining enzyme in the TCA cycle?

Answer 11

Isocitrate dehydrogenase (p.97)

Question 12

What is the rate determining enzyme in Glycogen synthesis?

Answer 12

Glycogen synthase (p.97)

Question 13

What is the rate determining enzyme in Glycogenolysis?

Answer 13

Glycogen phosphorylase (p.97)

Question 14

What is the rate determining enzyme in the HMP shunt?

Answer 14

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) (p.97)

Question 15

What is the rate determining enzyme in de novo pyrimidine synthesis?

Answer 15

Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase II (p.97)

Question 16

What is the rate determining enzyme in de novo purine synthesis?

Answer 16

Glutamine- PRPP amidotransferase (p.97)

Question 17

What is the rate determining enzyme in the Urea Cycle?

Answer 17

Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase I (p.97)

Question 18

What is the rate determining enzyme in Fatty Acid Synthesis?

Answer 18

Acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) (p.97)

Question 19

What is the rate determining enzyme in Fatty Acid oxidation?

Answer 19

Carnitine acyltransferase I (p.97)

Question 20

What is the rate determining enzyme in Ketogenesis?

Answer 20

HMG-CoA synthase (p.97)

Question 21

What is the rate determining enzyme in Cholesterol synthesis?

Answer 21

HMG-CoA reductase (p.97)

Question 22

What are the regulators in glycolysis?

Answer 22

(+) AMP, fructose-2,6 bis; (-) ATP, citrate (p.97)

Question 23

What are the regulators in gluconeogenesis?

Answer 23

(+) ATP; (-) AMP, fructose-2,6-bis (p.97)

Question 24

What are the regulators in the TCA cycle?

Answer 24

(+) ADP; (-) ATP, NADH (p.97)