Metabolism, fluids & acid-base

Question 1

Gluconeogenesis can occur in the kidneys?

Answer 1

True- in renal cortex, and in liver

Question 2

Glucose has same concentration in plasma as glomerular filtrate.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Glucose has higher concentration in CSF than plasma.

Answer 3

False. It is 50% (to 2/3 depending on literature) of level in plasma.

Question 4

Glucose can be synthsised from fatty acids

Answer 4

True

Question 5

In COPD, standard bicarbonate is higher or lower than actual bicarbonate?

Answer 5

Std is lower than actu

Question 6

Extent of CO2 in plasma

Answer 6

~70% transported in plasma as bicarbonate.

Question 7

Interstitial fluid volume for 70kg man is?

Answer 7

Approximately 9L

Question 8

Sucrose can/ May be used to measure the ECF volume?

Answer 8

True

Question 9

What happens in first few minutes of exercise?

Answer 9

Creatine phosphate and glycogen are utilised. Oxidation of glucose and FFA enables effective aerobic metabolism.

If exercise/ exertion prolonged, anaerobic metabolism provides energy at the expense of producing lactate. (Aerobic threshold approx. lactate conc 2mmol/L; anaerobic threshold reached at 4mmol/L).

Question 10

Does resting oxygen uptake increase with endurance training?

Answer 10

No. VO2 max (maximum oxygen consumption) is effort dependent. It is the VO2 max which is increased with endurance training.
This is due to increase in mitochondrial numbers (increase oxidative capacity of slow-twitch muscle units) along with increased cardiac output.