Metabolism Bio Exam 4

Question 1

What are the two physiological control of food intake centers? And where are they located.

Answer 1

Located in the Hypothalamus

Feeding center
-tonically active
-destruction stops feeding here

Satiety Center
-inhibits feeding center (tells us we need to eat)
-destruction induces overeating

Question 2

Fed-state Metabolism (Big meal) is when we break down?

Answer 2

Carbohydrates into glucose and
-30% is taken up by the liver
-70% stays in circulation (used for ATP prod)

Question 3

In fed-state metabolism what is also stored?

Answer 3

-glycogen- limited (glycogenesis)
-triglycerides (lipogenesis)

Question 4

Triglyceride and cholesterol synthesis from__________

Answer 4

Glucose

Question 5

________ can be made from glucose through glycolysis

Answer 5

Glycerol

Question 6

Fatty acids are made when 2 carbon acyl units from acetyl-CoA are _______________

Answer 6

Linked together

Question 7

_____ glycerol plus 3 fatty acids makes a ________

Question 8

Carbohydrates in fed-state metabolism are used for ________ in liver

Answer 8

Lipoprotein synthesis

Question 9

Carbohydrates in fed-state metabolism are stored as ______ in liver and muscle _________

Answer 9

-glycogen
-glycogenesis

Question 10

Excess carbohydrates in fed-state metabolism are converted into ____ and stored in adipose tissue _______

Answer 10

-Fat
-Lipogenesis

Question 11

Glycogen is mainly stored where? How long of a supply?

Answer 11

Liver and 4 hr supply

Question 12

In fed-state metabolism proteins are broken down into amino acids that produce ________ and excess of this gets stored as ________ tissue

Answer 12

Fat, adipose

Question 13

In fed-state metabolism proteins got to tissues for protein ________

Answer 13

Synthesis

Question 14

If needed energy, amino acids converted in liver to intermediates for aerobic metabolism is called?

Answer 14

Deamination

Question 15

Excess fat stored as adipose tissue is called?

Answer 15

Lipogenesis

Question 16

In fasted- state metabolism amino acids are ___________
in liver for ATP prod or used to make glucose___________

Answer 16

deaminated, gluconeogenesis

Question 17

Fats are stored as _________ stored in the _____ and ___________ tissue.

Answer 17

Triglycerides, adipose

Question 18

Cholesterol is used for ________ synthesis or as membrane _________ in fed-state metabolism

Answer 18

steroid, component

Question 19

Fatty acids are used for __________ and eicosanoid synthesis in fed-state metabolism

Answer 19

lipoprotein

Question 20

Triglycerides are broken down into ______ and glycerol _________ in fast-state metabolism

Answer 20

Fatty acids, lipolysis

Question 21

In fast state, fatty acids are used for _____ production and _________ pathways (B-oxidation)

Answer 21

ATP, aerobic

Question 22

In fasted stated , carbohydrates are broken down into ________ to form glucose _______ in liver and adipose tissue

Answer 22

Glycogenolysis, gluconeogenesis

Question 23

Some glucose is made for ATP and some is made to travel to the ____________

Answer 23

brain barrier

Question 24

in fast-state metabolism proteins and peptides are digested by ____________

Answer 24

proteases

Question 25

In fast-state metabolism, deamination produces?

Answer 25

ammonia that is converted to urea by the liver

Question 26

In fast-state metabolism, ATP production deaminated amino acids to enter the _________ pathway

Answer 26

respiration

Question 27

In fast state metabolism glucose production, in the liver, deaminated amino acids enter a ___________ pathway to produce ___________

Answer 27

glycolysis, glucose

Question 28

Some triglycerides are used to make glucose to feed the________

Answer 28

brain

Question 29

Triglycerides are broken down to lipolysis by ______

Answer 29

Lipases

Question 30

Glycerol feed into__________in fast-state metabolism

Answer 30

glycolysis

Question 31

Fatty acids feed into the _______ after _______________ in fast-state metabolism

Answer 31

The kern’s cycle, beta- oxidation

Question 32

In control of metabolism, Insulin and Glycogen are produced by the?

Answer 32

Pancreas

Question 33

Glycogen us cut until monosaccharides (glycogenolysis) used to produce glucose or feed into _________ in fed state.

Answer 33

cellular respiration

Question 34

In proteins, amino acids removal of the amino group (deamination) is used to produce _______ or feed into __________ in fed state

Answer 34

Glucose, cellular respiration

Question 35

In triglycerides/lipids, glycerol is used to produce _____ or feed into ________________

Answer 35

glucose, cellular respiration

Question 36

Fatty acids are cut into smaller 2 _________ pieces
(beta oxidation) and feed into ________________ ONLY.
Fed-sate

Answer 36

Carbon, cellular respiration

Question 37

Beta cells produce _____________
Alpha cells produce_____________

Answer 37

insulin and glucagon

Question 38

Insulin is dominant in the ________ state

Answer 38

Fed-state

-stimulates by high glucose concentration in blood
-promotes increase in glycogen synthesis
-promotes increase in lipid/ fat synthesis
-promotes increase in protein synthesis
-promotes increase in glucose oxidation

Question 39

Glucagon is dominant in the _______ state

Answer 39

Fasted- state

-stimulated by low glucose concentration in blood
- promotes glycogen metabolism
-promotes glucose synthesis
-Increases glycogenolysis, gluconeogenesis, & ketogenesis