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Exam 3 BIO > Exam 3 > Flashcards

Exam 3 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

The primary source of red blood cells in the adult human being is the yellow bone marrow?

True or False

A

False

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2
Q

The human heart lies posterior to the verbal column and anterior to the sternum.

True or False

A

False

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3
Q

The sinoatrial node depolarizes only when it receives a signal from the
atrioventricular node.

True or False

A

False

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4
Q

The process of fibrinolysis breaking up blood clots when healing has occurred.

True or False

A

True

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5
Q

Bicarbonate ion in the blood is formed from waste CO2 dissolved in the blood plasma.
True or False

A

True

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6
Q

Depolarization of the SA node by the sympathetic nervous system will decrease heat rate?

True or False

A

False

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7
Q

The ventricles are the first chambers to receive blood returning to the heart?

True or False

A

False

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8
Q

Pulmonary veins carry oxygenated blood

True or False

A

True

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9
Q

The blood leaves the heart via arteries

True or False

A

True

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10
Q

Hyperpolarization of the SA node by the parasympathetic NS will decrease heat rate

True or False

A

True

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11
Q

When the pressure in the left ventricular is greater than the aortic pressure, the aortic semilunar valve open

True or False

A

True

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12
Q

The left subclavian artery branches off the aorta

True or False

A

True

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13
Q

The muscular layer of a blood vessel is the tunica media

True or False

A

True

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14
Q

The erythrocyte graveyard is the appendix

True or False

A

False

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15
Q

Venous valves are similar in structure to the atrioventricular valves of the heart

True or False

A

False

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16
Q

All four of the valves of the heart are connected to chordae tendineae

True or False

A

False

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17
Q

Hemoglobin binds oxygen most efficiently when the partial pressure (concentration) of oxygen is low

A

False

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18
Q

The normal hematocrit will show a higher percentage of erythrocytes than plasma.

True or False

A

False

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19
Q

Platelets can form plugs that seal small breaks in blood vessels

True or False

A

True

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20
Q

Small muscle masses attached to the chordae tendineae are the

papillary muscles
trabecular carneae
tunica musclularis
pectinate muscles

A

A. papillary muscles

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21
Q

Autorhythmic myocardial cells can generate action potentials spontaneously because they have if channels in their cell membrane

A

Cause a net influx of Na+

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22
Q

Blood is carried to capillaries in the myocardium by way of:
the coronary sinus
coronary veins
the fossa ovals
coronary arteries

A

Coronary arteries

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23
Q

The EDV will always be greater than ESV because

A

The EDV is the volume before contraction and the ESV is the volume after contraction

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24
Q

The tricuspid valve is closed

when the ventricle is in systole
while the atrium is in systole
by movement of blood from the atrium to ventricle
while the ventricle is in diastole

A

when the ventricle is in systole

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25
Q

Which of the following are involved in pulmonary circulation?

A

right ventricle, pulmonary artery, and left atrium

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26
Q

Blood within the pulmonary veins returns to the
right ventricle
right atrium
left ventricle
lungs
left atrium

A

Left atrium

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27
Q

In order for blood to fill the heart
All of the answers are correct
the atria must be in diastole
the AV valves must open
the pressure in the atria must be lower than the veins
the ventricles must be in diastole

A

All of the answers are correct

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28
Q

Which of the following veins does not send blood directly to the right atrium?

Inferior vena cava
superior vena cava
pulmonary vein
coronary sinus

A

Pulmonary vein

29
Q

Select the correct statement about the heart valves

A

The AV valves are supported by the chordae tendinaea so that regurgitation of blood into the atria during ventricular contraction does not occur

30
Q

Permitting the exchange of nutrients and gases between the blood and tissue cells is the primary function of
arterioles
capillaries
venules
veins
arteries

A

Capillaries

31
Q

The double walled sac enclosing the heart is the
echocardium
myocardium
endocardium
pericardium

A

Pericardium

32
Q

Which of the following is not part of the conduction system of the heart

AV valve
Intermodal pathway
SA node
Purkinje fibers
AV node

A

AV valve

33
Q

Calculate the stroke volume given an EDV of 150 ml and an ESV of 70 ml

A

80ml

34
Q

Calculate the cardiac output given a stroke volume of 60 ml/beat and a heart rate of 70 beats/minute

A

4200 ml/minute

35
Q

Match the description to the plasma component
Albumin
Transferrin
Globulins
Fibrinogen

A

Albumin- Responsible for maintaining osmotic pressure
Transferrin- Carries iron to the blood
Globulins- Produced by humoral immunity
Fibrinogen- Required for coagulation

36
Q

Together leukocytes and platelets comprise which percentage of whole blood volume?
45%
55%
10%
<1%

A

<1%

37
Q

The percentage of blood producing tissues that become white blood cells is about___%
25
75
50
10

A

75

38
Q

The erythrocyte count increases after a while when an individual goes from low to high altitude because:

A

The concentration of oxygen and/or total atmospheric pressure is lower at high altitudes

39
Q

Hypoxia stimulates_____ to produce____

A

Kidneys/ erythropoietin

40
Q

_______ regulates the growth and maturation of megakaryocytes.

None of the answers are correct
Thrombopoietin
Interleukin
Erythropoietin
Colony-stimulating factor

A

Thrombopoietin

41
Q

No visible cytoplasmic granules are present in

eosinophils
basophils
neutrophils
monocytes

A

Monocytes

42
Q

_____ are a group of diseases characterized by the abnormal growth and development if white blood cells, and _____ are diseases where patients have too few white blood cells.

A

Leukemias, leukopenias

43
Q

Monocytes leave the circulation to go into the tissues where they are called

macrophages
neutrophils
eosinophils
basophils
lymphocytes

A

macrophages

44
Q

The function of red blood cells is

A

carry oxygen form the lungs to the body cells

45
Q

Match the description to the formed elements

Erythrocyte
Neutrophil
Eosinophil
Monocyte
Platelets

A

Erythrocyte- Shaped as a biconcave disc
Neutrophil- Most abundant white blood cell
Eosinophil-Kills parasitic worms; complex r
Monocyte- Large phagocytic cells found in
Platelets- Composed of cytoplasmic fragments

46
Q

Which best describes arteries?

A

all carry blood away from the heart

47
Q

Baroreceptors that monitor MAP are located in the

A

carotid artery and aorta

48
Q

Venous return of blood to the heart relies heavily upon
Diastolic blood pressure Skeletal muscle contraction
Systolic blood pressure Venous Valve

2 or 3 of these factors

A

Two of these factors

49
Q

The circulatory route that runs from the digestive tract to the liver is called

pulmonary circulation
cereal circulation
hepatic portal circulation
coronary circulation

A

Hepatic portal circulation

50
Q

Increase blood volume_______ blood pressure

Decreases
Has no effect on
increases

A

Increases

51
Q

Which of the choices reflects the balance between the direction and amount of fluid that flows across the capillary walls?

A

Hydrostatic and osmotic pressure

52
Q

A lack of protein in the diet characteristics of malnutrition would result in a

A

decrease in colloid osmotic pressure in the capillaries

53
Q

Smooth muscle is present in the walls of

arteries only
all vessel types
veins only
muscular arteries only
all vessel types except capillaries

A

All vessel types except capillaries

54
Q

Looking at cross-section of the aorta, you would expect to see

A

a thin band of dense elastic connective tissue and a thick band of smooth muscle?

55
Q

Which of the following is not true regarding fenestrated capillaries?

-Fenestrated capillaries are essential for filtration of blood plasma in the kidney
-Fenestrated capillaries in the small intestine receive nutrients from digested food
-Fenestrated capillaries in endocrine organs allow hormones rapid entry into the blood
-Fenestrated capillaries are more permeable to fluids than continuous capillaries
-Fenestrated capillaries form the blood-brain barrier

A

Fenestrated capillaries form the blood-brain barrier

56
Q

Which of the following is not one of the three main factors influencing blood pressure?

Blood volume
cardiac output
peripheral resistance
emotional state

A

Emotional state

57
Q

When an individual is at rest, most of the blood volume is located in the

capillaries
systemic veins and venules
arteries and arterioles
pulmonary veins and venues

A

systemic veins and venules

58
Q

The pulse pressure is______

A

systolic pressure minus diastolic presssure

59
Q

The second branch off the aortic arch of the human heart is the

Left subclavian artery
brachiocephalic artery
left common carotid artery
pulmonary artery

A

Left common carotid artery

60
Q

If an individual has a systolic pressure of 140 mm/Hg and a diastolic pressure of 80 mmHg, what is their MAP?

A

100mmHg

61
Q

Match the lymphoid structure with the description

-Primary lymphoid organ, source of all blood cells
-Secondary organ, located along lymph vessels
-Mucosa associated lymphoid tissue, located in the pharynx
-Primarily lymphoid organ, site of T cell maturation
-Mucosa associated lymphoid tissue, located in the distal section of the small intestine

A

-Red bone marrow
-Lymph nodes
-Tonsils
-Thymus
-Peyer’s patches

62
Q

The correct order for movement of lymph collected from the tissues is

A

capillaries-collecting vessels-trunks-ducts

63
Q

Compared to veins, lymphatic collecting vessels have

More valves
Thinner walls
All three characteristics listed
More branching
Two of the characteristics listed

A

All three characteristics listed

64
Q

Which of the following does not play a role in lymph transport?

-Skeletal muscle contractions
-Contraction of nearby arteries
-Blood pressure
-Smooth muscle in the vessel walls
-All four contribute to transport

A

Blood pressure

65
Q

An increase in blood pressure due to water retention would result in a

A

increase in hydrostatic pressure in the capillaries

66
Q

If channels that allow for a net influx of Na+ are found in the cell membrane of

A

Autorhythmic myocardial cells

67
Q

If the length of the refractory period in cardiac muscle cells was the same as it is for skeletal muscle cells_____

A

Tetanic contractions might occur, which would stop the heart’s pumping action

68
Q

Which of the following might be used as treatment for a heart or stroke?

Thrombin
Fibrinogen
Calcium
Fibrin
Tissue plasminogen activator

A

Tissue plasminogen activator

69
Q

Immobility of bed patients can cause intravascular clotting because of blood stasis in the legs. The condition is called

A

Femoral thrombosis

Exam 3 BIO (4 decks)

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