metabolism

Question 0

Homeostasis

Answer 0

The automatic tendency to maintain a relatively constant internal environment.

Question 1

Training effect

Answer 1

An increase in functional capacity of muscles and other bodily tissues as a result of increased stress (overload) placed upon them.

Question 2

Metabolism

Answer 2

The chemical processes occurring within a living cell or organism that are necessary for the maintenance of life. In metabolism some substances are broken down to yield energy for vital processes while other substances, necessary for life, are synthesized.

Question 3

Anabolism

Answer 3

The building up in the body of complex chemical compounds from simpler compounds. (E.g., proteins from amino acids)

Question 4

Catabolism

Answer 4

The breaking down in the body of complex chemical compounds into simpler ones. (E.g. Amino acids into individual proteins)

Question 5

Metabolic set point

Answer 5

The base rate of metabolism that your body seeks to maintain; results in your basal metabolic rate.

Question 6

Basal metabolic rate

Answer 6

The minimum energy required to maintain the body’s life function at rest. Usually expressed in calories per square meter of the body surface.

Question 7

Kilocalories

Answer 7

The amount of energy that is released when foo is digested.

Question 8

Calories

Answer 8

A unit of heat

Question 9

Thermogenic effect

Answer 9

The heat liberated from a particular food is thus a measure not only of it energy content but also of it’s tendency to be burned as heat.

Question 10

Respiratory quotient (RQ)

Answer 10

A method of determining the “fuel mix” being used giving us a way to measure the relative amounts of fats, carbohydrates, and proteins being used for energy.

Question 11

ATP/CP Pathway

Answer 11

ATP and CP provide anaerobic sources of phosphate-bond energy. The energy liberated from hydrolysis (splitting) of CP rebounds ATP and Pi to form ATP.

Question 12

Glycolytic Pathway

Answer 12

Glucose is broken down to produce energy anaerobically.

Question 13

Oxidative Pathway

Answer 13

Oxygen combines with lactic acid resynthesizing glycogen to produce energy aerobically.

Question 14

Pyruvate

Answer 14

A byproduct of glycosis.

Question 15

Beta Oxidation

Answer 15

A series of reactions in which fatty acids are broken down.

Question 16

Krebs cycle

Answer 16

Citric acid cycle; a set of 8 reactions, arranged in a cycle, in which free energy is recovered in the form of ATP.

Question 17

Electron Transport

Answer 17

The passing of electrons over a membrane aiding in a reaction to recover free energy for the synthesis of ATP.

Question 18

CP (Creatine Phosphate)

Answer 18

P-separated from the -C- combines with ADP (adenosine di phosphates) to reform ATP (adenosine tri phosphate). 1CP molecule = the reformation of 1ATP molecule. Sufficient for 3-15s. of ATP production.

Question 19

ATP (adenosine tri phosphate)

Answer 19

The molecule that stores energy In A form that can be used for muscle contractions.

Question 20

Anaerobic metabolism

Answer 20

The formation of ATP without oxygen includes the ATP/CP and the anaerobic glycolytic pathway. Short term activities at higher intensities utilize ATP production.

Question 21

Aerobic metabolism

Answer 21

The formation of oxygen is known as aerobic metabolism. Includes the aerobic glycolytic pathway. Long term activities with a low to moderate intensities utilize ATP production.