Metabolism Flashcards
sum of all chemical reactions in the body
metabolism
break down large chemicals and release energy
catabolism
build up large chemicals and require energy
anabolism
acquisition and consumption of food
ingestion
convert food into a usable soluble form
digestion
passage of nutrient molecules through the lining of the digestive tract into the body proper by diffusion or active transport
absorption
build up of new tissues from digested food materials
assimilation
use oxygen to convert glucose into ATP
respiration
removal of water products produced during metabolism
excretion
creation of complex molecules from simpler ones
synthesis
the steady state of the internal environment
homeostasis
ability to respond to a stimulus and is part of regulation
irritability
conversion of chemical energy in molecular bonds into usable energy
respiration
refers to the entrance of air into the lungs and the gas exchange between the alveoli and blood
external respiration
exchange of gas between the blood and the cells and the intracellular processes of respiration
internal respiration
– are the favored fuel molecules in living cells
carbohydrates and fats
– bond is energy rick
C-H
carbon dioxides contains – energy and is the stable, energy-exhausted end product of respiration
little usable energy
during respiration, high-energy hydrogen atoms are removed from organic molecules
dehydrogenation (oxidation rxn)
acceptance of hydrogen by – is the reduction component of the redox reaction
oxygen
energy released by reduction is used to form a high-energy – bond in ATP
phosphate
reductions occur in a series of small steps called
electron transport chain
