Metabolism Flashcards
Homeostasis
The automatic tendency to maintain a relatively constant internal environment.
Training effect
An increase in functional capacity of muscles and other bodily tissues as a result of increased stress (overload) placed upon them.
Metabolism
The chemical process occurring within a living cell or organism that are necessary for the maintenance of life. In metabolism some substances are broken down to yield energy for vital processes while other substances, necessary for life, are synthesized.
Anabolism
The building up in the body of complex chemical compounds from simpler compounds (e.g. Proteins from amino acids).
Catabolism
The breaking down in the body of complex chemical compounds into simpler ones (e.g. Amino acids to individual proteins)
Metabolic set point
The base rate of metabolism that your body seeks to maintain; results in your basal metabolic rate.
Basal metabolic rate
The minimum energy required to maintain the body’s life functional at rest usually expressed in calories per hour per square meter of the body surface.
Kilocalories
The amount of energy released when food is digested.
Calorie
A unit of heat.
Thermogenic effect
The heat liberated from a particular food is thus a measure not only of its energy content but also of its tendency to be burned as heat.
Respiratory quotient (RQ)
A method of determining the “fuel mix” being used giving us a way to measure the relative amounts of fats, carbohydrates, and proteins being burned for energy.
ATP/CP pathway
ATP and CP provide anaerobic sources of phosphate bond energy. The energy liberated from hydrolysis (splitting) of the CP rebonds ADP and Pi to form ATP.
Glycolytic pathway
Glucose is broken down to produce energy anaerobically.
Oxidative pathway
Oxygen combines with Latin acid resynthesizing glycogen to produce energy aerobically.
Pyravate
A byproduct of glycolysis.
