Metabolism Flashcards
What is Metabolism?
A state of change
What are the two metabolic processes?
Anabolism and Catabolism
What is Anabolism?
Larger molecules or structures built from smaller ones.
What is Catabolism?
The breakdown of complex structures into smaller ones.
What are the three stages of metabolism?
Digestion in the gastrointestinal tract, in the cytoplasm and in the mitochondria.
Digestion in the gastrointestinal tract is…
Absorbed nutrients that are transported in blood to tissues cells
Metabolism in cytoplasm is…
Nutrients built into lipids, proteins or glycogen or they are broken down.
Metabolism in the mitochondria…
The complete breakdown, creates CO2, H2O and ATP
Carbohydrate Metabolism involves…
The breakdown of carbs into glucose, which then enters the cells using insulin and converts into a more complex different glucose molecule. This then traps the cell as it lacks enzymes to reverse this action.
Lipid Metabolism involves…
The conversion of lipids into fatty acids and glycerol which then enters cells. The cells then converts extra fatty acids that are not needed into triglycerides to be stored in adipose tissue.
Is glucose easily turned into fat?
Yes
What is protein metabolism?
Amino acids are broken down and are used to build new protein. These are transported to cells to replace tissue protein and can not be stored. Excess amino acids are converted to fat.
What is metabolic rate?
The body’s rate of energy output.
What is a synthetic reaction?
A type of chemical reaction in which two or more simple substances combine to form a more complex product.
What is a decomposition reaction?
A type of chemical reaction in which one reactant make two or more products.
