Metabolic Syndrome - Endo

Question 1

Metobolic Syndrome

Answer 1

Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of conditions that includes:

• Increased blood pressure
• High blood glucose level
• Excess body fat around the waist
• Abnormal cholesterol levels

These things together will increase the risk of heart disease, stroke and diabetes

Question 2

Symptoms of metabolic syndrome

Answer 2

• Obesity: with increased body fat concentrated around your waist “apple shape”
• Obesity is defined as a waist circumference of 40 inches or more in men and 35 inches or more in women
• Increased Blood pressure: meaning systolic blood pressure measurement of 135mmHg or more and a diastolic BP of 85mmHG or more
• High Blood Sugar: a fasting blood glucose test result of 100 or greater
• High Cholesterol: level of the blood fat called triglycerides of 150 or greater and a level of HDL, the good cholesterol of less than 40 for men or less than 50 for women

Question 3

Risk Factors of Metabolic syndrome

Answer 3

• Age: the older you get, the higher your risk. It affects less than 10% of people in their 20’s and affects 40% in their 60’s.
• Race: Hispanics and Asians seem to have the greatest risk
• Obesity: A BMI (body mass index), this is a measure of your percentage of body fat based on height and weight, level greater than 25 increases your risk
• History of Diabetes: You are more likely to have metabolic syndrome if you have a family history of type 2 diabetes or a history of diabetes during pregnancy
• Other Diseases: High blood pressure, cardiovascular disease, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease or polycystic ovarian syndrome

Question 4

Complications of Metabolic Syndrome

Answer 4

• Diabetes: If you don’t make lifestyle changes to control you insulin resistance, your glucose levels will increase and you may develop diabetes
• Cardiovascular Disease: High cholesterol and high blood pressure can contribute to the buildup of plaques in your arteries

Question 5

Diagnosis

Answer 5

You have metabolic syndrome if you have 3 or more of these traits:

• Large waist cirumference
• A triglyceride level of 150 or higher
• Reduced HDL, less than 40 in men and less than 50 in women
• Increased blood pressure: >130 / >85
• Elevated fasting blood sugar: >100

Question 6

Treatment of Metabolic Syndrome

Answer 6

• Exercise: Recommendations of getting 30 or more minutes of moderate intensity exercise such as brisk walking, jogging, swimming, biking every day.
• Weight loss: Losing as little as 5-10 percent of your body weight can reduce insulin levels and blood pressure and decrease your risk of diabetes
• Eat Healthy: DASH: Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension and Mediterranean diet: limits unhealthy fats and emphasize fruits, vegetables, fish and whole grains
• Stop Smoking: Smoking cigarettes increases insulin resistance and worsens the health consequences of metabolic syndrome
• If lifestyle modifications do not work well and unable to reach goals, medications may need to be prescribed.
• Meds 6 mo out if not making progress