Metabolic Syndrome

Question 1

Metabolic Syndrome

Answer 1

• Syndrome X
• Hyperinsulinemia
• Insulin Resistance

*presence of multiple symptoms

Question 2

Metabolic Syndrome is a risk factor for..

Answer 2

atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease

Question 3

Metabolic Syndrome identifies….

Answer 3

a specific subgroup with increased risk of cardiovascular pathologies, not individual risk

Question 4

Symptoms of Metabolic syndrome are…

Answer 4

interrelated and share common mediators, pathways, and pathophysiological manifestations

Question 5

Metabolic Syndrome puts you at increased risk for…

Answer 5

• athesclerosis
• peripheral vascular disease
• coronary heart disease and heart attack
• stroke
• DM type 2

Question 6

Underlying causes

Answer 6

• overweight/obesity
• physical inactivity
• diet high in carb (>60% of daily caloric intake)
• genetics
• advanced age

Question 7

Diagnosis of Metabolic Syndrome

Answer 7

3 or more of the following:

1. abdominal obesity: 40 inches or greater in men. 35 inches or greater in women
2. Tris greater than 150
3. HDLs less than 40 in men and less than 50 in women
4. SBP greater than 130 or DBP greater than 65
5. Fasting glucose greater than 100

Question 8

Pathophysiology of Metabolic Syndrome: Insulin resistance:

Answer 8

muscle, liver, and fat cells have a decreased response to the effects of insulin

-instead of glucose
being stored as glycogen or fat it continues circulating

• Glucose levels remain high
• Lipolysis increases, thus increase in free fatty acids

-increase uptake of HDL decreases circulatory concentration

Question 9

Pathophysiology of Metabolic Syndrome: Visceral fat

Answer 9

• decrease in insulin-mediate glucose uptake

- renin-angiotensin system activated in adipose tissues