Metabolic poisens

Question 1

rigor mortis

Answer 1

muscle tighten - chemical change in muscular structure
small muscles
spread to face
reduced ATP - muscles cant relax (ATP is needed to displace ADP on myosin) stuck in contracted state
Ca2+ in sarcomere
pulling motion across muscle

Question 2

DNOC

Answer 2

emits toxic nitrogen fumes when heated to decomposition
inhalation
skin absorption
ingestion

Question 3

anoxemia

Answer 3

absence of O2 in arterial blood

Question 4

oxygen electrode

Answer 4

device for measuring instantaneous O2 conc in soln

Question 5

what does gradient of [O2} against T show

Answer 5

rate of O2 consumption, ie rate of mt resp

Question 6

relationship between demand and supply of ATP

Answer 6

direct relationship

ATP wont be made unless energy needed somewhere else

Question 7

ox phos

Answer 7

on inner mem 
4 complexes and ATP synthase 
coenzymes release electrons 
NADH to complex 1 
FADH2 to complex 2 
complex 1, 3, 4 pump protons directly 
complex 2 cant 
Cytochrome C move electrons between complexes

Question 8

protons pumped in etc from NADH

Answer 8

4 through complex 1 
none through 2 
4 through 3 
2 through 4 
(total of 10)

Question 9

protons pumped in etc from FADH2

Answer 9

none in complex 1 or 2
4 through 3
2 through 4
(6 in total)

Question 10

ATP from etc

Answer 10

4 protons = 1ATP
NADH 2.5ATP
FADH2 1.5ATP

Question 11

O2 in etc

Answer 11

final electron acceptor

essential

Question 12

moving protons into the intermembrane space

Answer 12

conc gradient
protons flow through ATP synthase - cause rotation
phosphorylation of ADP - ATP

Question 13

relationship between Ox phos and etc

Answer 13

coupled

one cant happen w/o other

Question 14

rate difference with different substrates

Answer 14

rates depend on if substrate related to FADH2 or NADH
need more FADH2 to make same amount ATP
high rate of consumption of O2

Question 15

KCN

Answer 15

create bond wit chytochrome C
inhibits it
electrons cant flow
cant produce ATP or use O2 - reactions are coupled

Question 16

oligomycin

Answer 16

inhibit ATP synthase

consume a lot of O2 w/o production of ATP

Question 17

DNOP

Answer 17

uncoupling protein
protein channel in inner membrane 
facilitated diffusion 
dissipate conc grad 
no ATP produced 
energy released as heat

Question 18

cause of high resp rate when uncoupled

Answer 18

body respire as fast as possible to create conc grad but lower production of ATP

Question 19

fever when uncoupled

Answer 19

energy dissipated as heat

Question 20

thin fat when uncoupled

Answer 20

used up all sugars

find another source of energy from another substrate

Question 21

red marrow throughout the femur

Answer 21

all O2 taken from tissue
hypoxia
compensation by making more RBC

Question 22

oedema

Answer 22

high hydrostatic pressure in attempt to supply cells with needed O2