Metabolic pathways

Question 1

What is anabolism and catabolism

Answer 1

Anabolism=biosynthesis
Catabolism=breakdown

Question 2

What do each of these do?
Proteases
DNAse/RNAse
Dehydrogenases
Lipases
Oxidoreductases
Transferases
Hydrolases
Lyases
Isomerases
Ligases

Answer 2

Proteases =Proteins / polypeptides degradation
DNAse/RNAse= Nucleic acid degradation
Dehydrogenases= Redox reactions
Lipases=Lipid hydrolysis
Oxidoreductases= oxidation / reduction reactions
Transferases= transfer a functional group
Hydrolases= catalyze the hydrolysis of various bonds
Lyases= cleave bonds ( not by hydrolysis and oxidation )
Isomerases =isomerization within a single molecule
Ligases= join two molecules with covalent bonds

Question 3

What are coenzymes?

Answer 3

metabolites/enzyme substrates involved in many different reactions in cells and can transfer chemical groups from one place to another
e.g. ATP carries phosphate groups
most co-enzymes are vitamins

Question 4

The electron carriers FAD and NAD(P)

Answer 4

Riboflavin B2 with Coenzyme flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD)

Nicotinic acid and nicotinamide B3 (niacin) with Coenzyme nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD), phosphorylated form NADP Can be synthesized from tryptophan (not strictly a vitamin) and Involved in a wide range of oxidation and reduction reactions in metabolic processes.
Transfer electrons
Oxidised forms NAD(P)+ ,FAD+
Reduced forms NAD(P)H, FADH2