MES 3: Matter & Energy: Water, pH, Reactions, Thermodynamics, & Enzymes Flashcards

0
Q

How is H3O+ formed?

A

A water molecule gained a hydrogen ion from another water molecule

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1
Q

What is the name for H3O+?

A

Hydronium ion

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2
Q

What is the name for OH-?

A

Hydroxide ion

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3
Q

What does this equation represent? H2O + H2O H3O+ + OH-

A

The dissociation of water

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4
Q

What is the charge on a hydronium ion?

A

1+

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5
Q

What is the charge on a hydroxide ion?

A

1-

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6
Q

In a neutral solution, the concentration of hydrogen ions is (less than, equal to, or greater than) the concentration of hydroxide ions?

A

Equal

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7
Q

The unequal sharing of electrons within a water molecule makes the water molecule what?

A

Polar

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8
Q

The tendency of an atom to pull electrons toward itself is referred to as its what?

A

Electronegativity

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9
Q

In an H2O molecule, what type of bond is found between the oxygen and hydrogens?

A

Polar covalent bonds

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10
Q

In an acidic solution, the concentration of hydrogen ions is (less than, equal to, or greater than) the concentration of hydroxide ions?

A

Greater than

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11
Q

In a basic solution, the concentration of hydrogen ions is (less than, equal to, or greater than) the concentration of hydroxide ions?

A

Less than

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12
Q

How would we describe a solution with a pH level of 6?

A

Acidic

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13
Q

What type of solution is lemon juice?

A

Acidic

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14
Q

How would we describe a solution with a pH level of 7?

A

Neutral

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15
Q

How would we describe a solution with a pH level of 12?

16
Q

What type of solution is pure water?

17
Q

What type of solution is liquid soap?

18
Q

What type of bonds between water molecules lead to water’s cohesion?

19
Q

A solution of pH 5 has how many times more hydrogen ions and than that of pure water?

20
Q

A space station orbiting earth is exhibiting what type of energy?

A

Kinetic energy

21
Q

What does the phrase “conservation of energy” imply?

A

Energy can neither be created nor destroyed but can be converted from one form to another.

22
Q

Chemical energy is a form of what type of energy?

A

Potential energy

23
Q

In your body, what process converts the chemical energy found in glucose into the chemical energy found in ATP?

A

Cellular respiration

24
Name the three by-products of cellular respiration.
* Heat * Carbon dioxide * Water
25
What does the second law of thermodynamics state?
In any transformation, some of the original energy is converted to heat or light, and the system becomes more disordered.
26
According to the first law of thermodynamics, the total amount of energy in the universe is what?
Constant
27
What is energy?
Energy is the ability to do work.