Mental retardation and pervasive developmental disorders

Question 1

Profound

Answer 1

A minimal capacity for functioning, needs nursing care, constant aid and supervision required
IQ<20

Question 2

Severe

Answer 2

Speech is minimal; can talk or learn to communicate. May be able to partially contribute to self maintenance under supervision
IQ-20-34

Question 3

Moderate

Answer 3

Profits from training in self-help
Can be managed with moderate supervision
IQ35-49

Question 4

Mild

Answer 4

Can develop social and communication skills
Minimal retardation and can be guided toward social conformity
IQ50-69

Question 5

Statement of Special Educational Needs

Answer 5

• England and Wales
• 6 parts
  1. demographics
  2. description of nature and complexity of LD. Needs
  3. List of arrangements and provisions proposed to be offered by the local authority-legally binding
  4. Details of school placement
  5. non-educational needs- not legally binding
  6. processes in place to meet non-educational needs

Question 6

Autism

Answer 6

-presence of abnormal or impaired development evident before age of 3 with abnormal functioning in all three areas of social interaction, communication and restricted, repetitive behaviour

Question 7

Aspergers

Answer 7

-normal language functions until the age of 3

Question 8

Atypical autism

Answer 8

diagnosed if autistic features are seen but either the age of onset is not satisfied or failure to fulfill all 3 sets of diagnostic criteria is noted

Question 9

Rett’s syndrome

Answer 9

• seen only in girls
• apparently normal or near normal early development is followed by partial or complete loss of acquired hand skills and of speech, together with deceleration in head growth, usually with an onset between 7-24 months of age
• show hand wringing stereotypies, hyperventilation and loss of purposive hand movements
• later ages, trunk ataxia and apraxia along with scoliosis is seen
• choreoathetoid movements are seen
• epilepsy is common

Question 10

Heller’s syndrome

Answer 10

• childhood disintegrative disorder is said to resemble dementia and occurs in childhood
• apparently normal development up to 2 years and followed by a loss of previously acquired skills and abnormal social functioning

Question 11

Acquired Aphasia with epilepsy

Answer 11

• Landau-Kleffner syndrome
• child has normal progress in language development but loses both receptive and expressive language skills aged 3-7.
• they retain intelligence
• epilepsy with paroxysmal abnormalities on the EEG is noted
• nearly always bilateral temporal lobes on EEG

Question 12

ICD-10

Answer 12

-pervasive developmental disorders and no-pervasive disorders