Disorders of personality Flashcards
1
Q
Differences between ICD10 and DSM4
A
- DSM4 groups PDs into 3 clusters (no clustering in ICD10)
- schizotypical disorder is a PD in DSM but not in ICD10 (schizophrenia variant)
- DSM has only a single entity of borderline personality disorder
- ICD 10 EUPD cxan be impulsive or borderline type
2
Q
DSM Cluster A
A
- odd and eccentric!
1. Paranoid personality Disorder-suspicious, grudges, distrustful, emotionally detached
- Schizoid personality disorder- poor emotions, aloof, solitary, poor relationships, unaware of social trends, unresponsive to praise or criticism (like a droid)
- Schizotypal personality disorder- appear odd or eccentric, have magical thinking and illusions, obsessions, may be members of quasi-cultural groups, thought disorders, paranoia, may believe ESP, clairvoyance, may have transient psychotic features (like a type of schizophrenia)
3
Q
Cluster B DSM PDs
A
- dramatic erratic
1. Antisocial personality disorder- lack of remorse or regard, ignore social norms and rules, break relationships easily. Small proportion may be psychopathic (dissocial in ICD)
- Borderine personality disorder- poor self image, unstable personal relationships, impulsive, self harm , instability of mood, micro-psychosis, chronic emptiness. fears of abandonment (EUPD in ICD, impulsive or borderline)
- Histrionic personality disorder- extreme or overdramatic behaviour, demanding, attention seeking, self centred, sexually provocative
- Narcissistic PD- exagerrated sense of own importance, frequently self centred, intolerant of other people, grandiose plans and ideas, craving for attention, fear of dependency, narcissistic injuries to pride lead to rage reactions (not in ICD10,under ‘other’)
4
Q
Cluster C PDs DSM
A
- anxious and inhibited
1. Avoidant PD- fears being judged, avoidant of groups, socially withdrawn, low self esteem, may crave affection but dears of rejection overwhelming (anxious-avoidant PD in ICD10)
- Dependent PD- assumes a position of passivity, allows others to assume responsibility in most areas pf life, lack of self confidence, feels unable to function independently of another person. Feels own needs are of secondary importance
- Obsessive-Compulsive PD- difficulties expressing warmth, perfectionists, cannot see other people’s perspectives, rigid attention to detail prevents completion of tasks, some may be hoarders, tight with money, may not be able to delegate and are workaholics (called anankastic PD in ICD-10)
5
Q
Impulse control disorders
A
DSM 4 kleptomania pyromania trichotillomania intermittent explosive disorder
6
Q
Habit or impulse disorders
A
ICD 10
kleptomania, pyromania, trichotillomania (no intermittent explosive disorder)
pathologicl gambling
7
Q
Gender identity
A
- established by 3 years
- individual’s perception of being male or female and depends more on reared sex more than biological sex
- resistant to change once established firmly
8
Q
Gender dysphoria
A
- refers to feeling of incongruence between one’s gender identity and one’s phenotypic appearance
- varying degrees recognised in ICD and DSM
- not necessarily homosexual
9
Q
Dual role transvestism
A
- wear clothes of the opposite sex in order to experience temporary membership in the opposite sex
- individual experiences a sense of appropriateness by wearing these clothes
- no sexual motivation in cross dressing
- no desire to change to the other sex
10
Q
Fetishistic transvestism
A
- cross dressing results in sexual arousal often associated with masturbation or sexual activity
- paraphilia
11
Q
Transexualism
A
- in both ICD and DSM
- persistent discomfort with his/her sex
- strong persistent cross-gender identification
- may be associated with the wish to make one’s body into the other gender through surgery etc
- not due to a psychiatric condition
- not concurrent with physical intersex condition
- disturbance causes disress and impairment
- transsexual identity has been present for 2 years
12
Q
Gender identity disorders of childhood
A
- 6 months duration
- promote management of uncertainty and resisting pressures for quick solutions to gender dysphoria
- 1/3 to 2/3 boys later appear homosexually orientated but very few persist as adult transsexuals
- more common in males
13
Q
Klismaphilia
A
-sexual arousal through enemas
F60-paraphilia
14
Q
Necrophilisia
A
-sexual arousal by using dead bodies or other death related objects for arousal
F60-paraphilias
15
Q
Paraphilias
A
- disorders of sexual preference
- F60
- ego-syntonic urges of sexual deviancy (except in exhibitionism where the urges are ego-alien)
