Disorders with childhood onset

Question 1

ADHD

Answer 1

• hyperkinetic disorder in ICD10
• DSM4 criteria is some symptoms must be present before the age of 7 and must be causing issues in two settings
• must have impairment of inattention and/or hyperactivity-impulsivity
• must persist for 6 monthd

Question 2

Conduct disorder

Answer 2

-enduring set of antisocial and aggressive behaviours that evolve over time
-usually characterised by aggression and violation of the rights of others
Must show
1. physical aggression or threats to harm people
2. destruction of their own property or that of others
3. theft of acts of deceit
4. frequent and serious violation of age-appropriate rules (running away, traunt)
-early sexual behaviour, lack of empathy, low self esteem
-minimum of 6months
-for DSM must begin before the age of 13

Question 3

Oppositional defiant disorder

Answer 3

• enduring pattern of negative, hostile, disobedient and defiant behaviour
• without serious violations of societal norms or the rights of others
• evident for 6 months
• temper outbursts and refusal to comply with rules, spiteful and annoying behaviours seen
• subtype of conduct disorder in ICD10
• DSM4 excludes oppositional disorder if a conduct disorder is present

Question 4

Separation anxiety disorder

Answer 4

• developmentally inappropriate and excessive anxiety concerning separation from home or from those to whom the individiual is attached
• this anxiety will interfere with normal age appropriate function
• excessive worry about losing or being permanently separated from major attachment figure

Question 5

Reactive attachment disorder

Answer 5

• occurs in infants and young children
• emotional disturbance and reactive to changes in environmental circumstances
• abnormalities in social relationships

Question 6

Elective mutism

Answer 6

• disorder characterised by a persistent failure to speak in specific settings despite full use of language at home or with family
• seen in social phobia
• often silent or whispering

Question 7

Social anxiety disorder of childhood

Answer 7

• fear of strangers in normal in the second half of the first year of life
• a degree of apprehension is normal in early childhood
• social anxiety disorder of childhood can be used before the age of 6 but only when the anxiety is unusual in degree and is accompanied by problems in social functioning

Question 8

Sibling rivalry disorder

Answer 8

• characterised by the combination of a) sibling rivalry and jealousy b) onset during the months following the birth of the younger sibling c) emotional disturbance to an abnormal degree and/or persistence and associated with psychosocial problems