Mental Illnesses Flashcards
Mental health problem
When the difficulties experienced by a person are mild, temporary and able to be treated within a relatively short period of time
Mental illness
Defined as a psychological dysfunction experienced by an individual, usually involving stress, impairment in the ability to cope with everyday life, and thoughts, feelings and/or behaviour that are not typical of the person or appropriate within their society and/or culture
Psychotic illness
Involves loss of contact with reality eg. hallucinating, delusions
Non-psychotic illness
Refers to individuals who remain in contact with reality despite their dysfunctional thoughts, feelings and behaviour eg. anxiety, panic disorder
DSM-IV-TR
- diagnostic and statistic manual of mental disorders
- categorises individuals based on symptoms
Anxiety
State of emotional arousal associated with feelings of apprehension, worry or uneasiness that something bad is about to happen
- 14.4% of the population have experienced an anxiety disorder
- most common in adulthood
Dementia
Progressive deterioration of the functioning of the neurons in the brain, resulting in memory impairment, a decline in intellectual ability, poor judgement and sometimes personality changes
- twice as many females as males get dementia
- 6.5% of the population over 65 years have dementia
- Alzheimer’s is the most common type
ERA outline
- title
- abstract
- introduction
- method
- results
- discussion
- references
ERA title
- brief
- indicate what investigation was about
- based on hypothesis
- eg. the beer goggles effect: the effects of alcohol on attractiveness ratings of the opposite sex
ERA abstract
- summary about investigation (120 words)
- includes aim, main features of the method, results (main findings), conclusion
ERA introduction
- 200-500 words
- background to investigation
- summarises relevant theory and results of other research related to investigation
- if there is no previous research, include a rationale for conducting the investigation
- aim
- hypothesis
ERA method
- 150-200 words
- allows for research to be replicated
- includes participants, materials, procedure
- participants: how many, characteristics, population, how they were selected, how they were allocated to groups
- materials: list all materials
- procedure: steps of experiment
ERA results
- summary of results
- table, graph, chart
- don’t explain results
- mean
ERA discussion
- 200-250 words
- interpret and explain results
- state whether hypothesis is supported or rejected
- can the results be generalised
- previous research should be described
- extraneous variables
ERA references
- list all sources
- quotes or summaries of information from another source must be referenced
- should be in alphabetical order baed on surname of first author
Qualitative data
Information about qualities or characteristics of what is being studied
Quantitative data
Numerical information on the quantity or amount if what is being studied
Use of animals in research
NHMRC (national health and medical research council) states any research with animals can get performed only if the research can be justified (if the educational or scientific value outweighs the potential effects on the wellbeing of the animals)