mental health Flashcards
mental health continuum
mentally healthy
mental health problems
mental disorders(illness)
mentally healthy
functioning at a normal level
cope with normal stressors
form positive relationship
physically and socially active
mental health problems
moderate stress
difficulty in concentrating
difficulty in coping
mental disorders (illnesses)
excessive anxiety
sig change in sleep pattern/diet
withdrawal from social functions
mental health
emotional and social wellbeing where individual can cope with normal stressors of live
can work productively and contribute to community
mental health characteristics
high levels of functioning
social wellbeing
emotional wellbeing
resilience
high levels of functioning
get along with others
participate in society
looking after self
social wellbeing
sense of belonging to community
emotional wellbeing
experience emotions that are balanced in normal range
strategies to manage them
resilience
ability to recover from stress
adapt to stressful circumstances
to not become ill and function with social norms
resilient people have
skills and capacities that contribute to positive, social and emotional health and wellbeing
communication skills
self-belief
confidence
mental health problem
disrupts person’s usual level of social and emotional wellbeing - does not last long
triggered by normal life experiences
stress in VCE
grief of lost loved one
mental illness
mental disorder that affects one or more functions of the mind
interfere with persons thoughts, emotions, perceptions, behaviours
depression, anxiety
to identify mental health continuum
duration
degree of impairment
type of treatment
level of distress
mental illness and the 3 D’s
deviant
dysfunctional
distressing
deviant
ABCs atypical for person and differ from social/cultural norms that are considered unacceptable
distressing
ABCs are unpleasant and upsetting to the person experiencing them and others around them
dysfunctional
ABCs interfere with the person’s ability to carry out their usual daily activities in an effective way
affects ability to care for self
general ethical principals
no harm
voluntary participation
confidentiality
ethics and placebos
violate participants rights of informed consent by using deception about research procedure
failing to treat sample
placebo
fake treatment that has no effect
used to eliminate the placebo effect where changes in behaviour occur from individuals belief they’ve been exposed to treatment that’ll effect them
risk factor’s the 4 P’s
predisposing
precipitating
perpetuating
protective
predisposing
present at conception/early life and increase vulnerability to developing a mental illness
genetics
chronic physical illness
chronic stress
precipitating
triggers/events that occur shortly before a disorder and appear far worse:
poor sleep
substance use
stressful life events
perpetuating
things that prolong course of mental disorder and inhibit recovery:
substance use
ineffective medication
lack of support
protective
positive effect on health and help minimise occurrence of mental health problems
adequate sleep
positive social group
satisfying job
biopsychosocial model in mental health
looks at the combined influences of biological, psychological and social factors on mental health
biological risk factors
genetics
poor sleep
substance use
psychological risk factors
rumination
stress
poor self efficacy
rumination
when people overthink or obsess about situation or life events
stress
physical
emotional
cognitive
behavioural
poor self efficacy
unable to control in stressful situations
less belief to succeed and overcome
social risk factors
disorganised attachment
loss of significant relationship
stigma
disorganised attachment
child needs secure base of attachment
if base is abusive or threatening it can lead to an avoidant personality
loss of significant relationship
increase risk of mental disorder
social connection is best protective factor
stigma
disgrace that sets someone apart from others
acts as barrier to accessing treatment
cumulative risk
combination of biological, social and psychological risk factors at one time
accumilation=increase risk
stress
psychological/physiological state of tension and arousal produced by internal/external forces
perceived to challenge person’s ability to cope
anxiety
physiological arousal with feelings of worry
that something is wrong unpleasant is about to happen
anxiety symptoms
sweating
dizziness
breathlessness
phobia
intense fear of a particular object/event
worry
anticipated threats
future orientated
PIIF
persistent, irrational and intense fear of object/event
types of aniety disorders
social
specific phobias
panic
specific phobia
intense/irrational fear
avoid
daily functioning interrupted
phobic/stress response
hand tremors
dizziness
sweating
biological contributing factors
GABA dysfunction
role of stress response
LTP
psychological contributing factors
classical conditioning operant conditioning cognitive bias(catastrophic thinking and memory)
social contributing factors
specific environment triggers
stigma around seeking treatment
biological interventions
benzodiazopines
relaxation techniques
exercise
psychological interventions
CBT
systematic densitisation
social interventions
psychoeducation
GABA dysfunction
low levels lead to high levels of anxiety
not enough to regulate anxiety symptoms
GABA dysfunction intervention
benzodiazepines
(valium) drugs that reduce physiological arousal
reduce anxiety by imitating GABA’s inhibitory effects
stress response
individuals with specific phobia typically increase in physiological arousal in anticipation to exposure phobia
LTP
neural connections are strengthened each time presented with same fear
causing faster and more severe stress response
stress response and LTP intervention
breathing retraining- identifying incorrect breathing habits and replaced with correct ones
exercise- improve mood by release of endorphins or distraction
operant conditioning/classical conditioning and cognitive bias
error in thinking enhances and impairs retrieval of memory
catastrophic thinking
operant conditioning/classical conditioning and cognitive bias interventions
CBT- helps person change negative, automatic thoughts with more positive and realistic ones
systematic densitisation- counter conditioning phase
eliinating phobic stimulus
specific environment factors
negative and traumatic encounters with feared object/situation
stigma
lack of understanding with family
discrimination
specific environment factors and stigma intervention
psychoeducation- explanation of mental disorders, treatment and strategies
discourage avoidance behaviour
helps to challenge and learn about phobia
resilience
where person displays positive adaptation despite experiences of adversity
positive adaptation
behaviourally manifested social competence
adversity
encompasses negative life circumstances
resilience characteristics
adequate diet
adequate sleep
social support
CBS
transtheoretical model
pre-contemplation contemplation preparation action maintenance
pre-contemplation
no intention to change behaviour in future
contemplation
aware of problem and considering overcoming it
not made a commitment yet
long period stuck
preparation
intention and behaviour criteria
intending to take action
not yet reached decision for action
action
modifies behaviour, experiences or environment to overcome problem
1 day to 6 months= action stage
maintenance
prevent relapse and consolidate gains attained during action
pass 6 months to long time
