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PHAR 398 > Mental Health > Flashcards

Mental Health Flashcards

1
Q

What might Ashwaghanda be used for? (3)

A
  1. Anxiety
  2. Sleep aid
  3. Low energy/under-functioning
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2
Q

What is the pharmacology/toxicology of Ashwaghanda?

A

Reduction in serum cortisol. Not for use in pregnancy or those allergic to nightshade family (e.g., tomatoes)

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3
Q

What might Bergamot be used for? (2)

A
  1. Depression
  2. Cholesterol
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4
Q

What is the pharmacology/toxicology of Bergamot?

A

Improves positive mood (inhalation)/photosensitizer

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5
Q

What might B vitamins be used for?

A

Stress and anxiety

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6
Q

What might Holy basil (tulsi) be used for?

A

Adaptogen

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6
Q

What is the pharmacology/toxicology of B vitamins?

A

Low B6 may have symptoms like anxiety

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6
Q

What might Chamomile be used for?

A

Generalized anxiety

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7
Q

What is the pharmacology/toxicology of Galphimia glaucer?

A

Tranquilizer

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7
Q

What is the pharmacology/toxicology of Chamomile?

A
  1. Increased the risk of bleeding when used with anti-coagulants
  2. Allergies (ragweed/aster family)
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8
Q

What is the pharmacology/toxicology of Ginko biloba? (3)

A
  1. Neurotransmitter modulation (blocks GABA-A), anti-oxidant
  2. May increase risk of bleeding in patients receiving anti-coagulation therapy.
  3. Evidence of efficacy unclear
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8
Q

What might Galphimia glaucer be used for?

A

Sedative

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9
Q

What is the pharmacology/toxicology of Green tea? (2)

A
  1. L-theonine, a structural analog of the inhibitory amino acid glutamate
  2. May increase serotonin and dopamine in the hippocampus
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9
Q

What might Ginko biloba be used for?

A

Reduce anxiety in dementia and improve cognition

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10
Q

What might Green tea be used for? (2)

A
  1. Relaxation
  2. Coping with stress and anxiety
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11
Q

What might Hops be used for? (2)

A
  1. Sedative
  2. Decreased sleep latency
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12
Q

What is the pharmacology/toxicology of Holy basil (tulsi)? (5)

A
  1. Immune-modulator
  2. Anti-depressant
  3. Antioxidant
  4. Nerve agent.
  5. Not used in pregnancy
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13
Q

What is the pharmacology/toxicology of Hops? (3)

A
  1. Bitter resins
  2. Modulation of GABA-A receptors
  3. Increases GABA levels
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13
Q

What might 5-HTP be used for? (2)

A
  1. Mood stabilizer
  2. Calming effect
14
Q

What is the pharmacology/toxicology of 5-HTP? (2)

A
  1. Increases precursors needed for serotonin production.
  2. Should not be used with SSRIs
15
Q

What might Hyssop be used for? (2)

A
  1. Sedative
  2. Myorelaxant
16
Q

What is the pharmacology/toxicology of Hyssop? (3)

A
  1. Seizures
  2. Allergies
  3. Decreases availability of ACh
17
Q

What might Kava kava be used for?

A

Stress and anxiety

18
Q

What is the pharmacology/toxicology of Kava kava? (4)

A
  1. Anxiolytic but not sedating.
  2. Enhanced ligand binding to GABA type A receptors, blockage of violated-gated sodium channels and calcium ion channels, norepinephrine and dopamine reuptake inhibition, and reversible inhibition of monoamine oxidase (MAO) B
  3. Mixed results from RCTs.
  4. Liver tox.
19
What might Lavender be used for?
Short-term use general anxiety
20
What is the pharmacology/toxicology of Lavender? (6)
1. Contains terpenes. 2. Constipation 3. Headaches 4. Increased appetite 5. Sedation 6. Hypotension
21
What might Lemon balm be used for?
Mood elevator
22
What is the pharmacology/toxicology of Lemon balm? (2)
1. Nausea and abdominal pain 2. Not for use in those with low BP or hypothyroidism
23
What is the pharmacology/toxicology of Linden?
Aromatherapy for relaxation
23
What might Linden be used for? (2)
1. Anxiety 2. Depression and associated GI issues
24
What might Magnesium be used for?
Combinations with B6 are indicated for PMS-related anxiety
24
What is the pharmacology/toxicology of L-lysine?
Precursor for neurotransmitters
24
What might L-lysine be used for?
Generalized anxiety
25
What is the pharmacology/toxicology of Magnesium? (3)
1. Necessary for GABA production, may correct Mg deficiency. 2. Excessive dosing may cause diarrhea. 3. Combinations with B6 are indicated for PMS-related anxiety
25
What is the pharmacology/toxicology of Passionflower? (3)
1. MOA uncertain but efficacy similar to BDZ 2. Drowsiness 3. Dizziness and confusion
26
What might Passionflower be used for? (3)
1. Restlessness 2. Nervousness 3. Anxiety
27
What might Rhodiola be used for? (2)
1. Concentration and memory 2. Anxiety
28
What is the pharmacology/toxicology of Rhodiola? (3)
1. Inhibition of monoamine degradation enzymes and facilitation of NT support in the brain 2. Appears to prevent catecholamine release and camp elevation in the myocardium, to prevent depletion of adrenal catecholamines by acute stress, and to induce opioid peptide biosynthesis and activation of central and peripheral opioid receptors 3. Fragmentary research though
29
What might Skullcap be used for? (3)
1. High anxiety 2. Bruxism 3. Panic attacks
30
What is the pharmacology/toxicology of Skullcap? (2)
1. Gabaergic 2. Sedating, effects last about 2 hours, not effective long-term
31
What might St. John's wort be used for? (2)
1. Mild-moderate depression 2. Generalized anxiety
32
What is the pharmacology/toxicology of St. John's wort?
1. Hypericins, flavonoids, xanthones, and bioflavonoids, for adenosine, GABAA, GABAB and glutamine receptors, as well as the inhibition of monoamine oxidase-A and -B activity and synaptosomal uptake of serotonin, dopamine and noradrenaline (norepinephrine)
33
What might Valerian be used for? (3)
1. Sleep 2. Anxiety 3. Depression
34
What is the pharmacology/toxicology of Valerian? (2)
1. Benzodiazepine-like activity, increases GABA in the brain. 2. Avoid in pregnant/nursing women
35
What might Vervain be used for? (3)
1. Anticonvulsant 2. Anti-anxiety 3. Sedative
36
What is the pharmacology/toxicology of Vervain?
Inhibition of the N-methyl-d-aspartate or serotonin receptors

PHAR 398 (8 decks)

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