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Psychology UNIT 1 > Mental health > Flashcards

Mental health Flashcards

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1
Q

Normality definition.

A

Having thoughts, feelings and behaviours that are considered common + acceptable.

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2
Q

What are the different types of approaches to normality?

A
  • Situational.
  • Societal and Cultural.
  • Historical.
  • Statistical.
  • Functional.
  • Medical.
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3
Q

Situational.

A

Different situations require specific behaviours.

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4
Q

Societal/Cultural.

A

Society has ‘norms’ and rules which govern behaviour.

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5
Q

Historical.

A

As time moves on, what ‘normal’ means changes.

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6
Q

Statistical.

A

Normality defined in terms of what is frequent in population.

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7
Q

Functional.

A

Normality is dependent on the person being able to carry out their normal activities.

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8
Q

Medical.

A

Viewing a mental disorder in terms of a physical illness with a possible biological basis.

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9
Q

Typical behaviour

A

The usual behaviour of an individual.

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10
Q

Atypical behaviour.

A

Unusual behaviour; individual actings ‘out of character.’

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11
Q

Adaptive behaviour

A

Adjusts behaviour to accomodate the situation or environment your in.

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12
Q

Maladaptive behaviour.

A

Interferes with the individuals ability to adjust to the environment (behaviour wise).

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13
Q

Mental health.

A

Current state of a persons psychological functioning and wellbeing. May experience different psychological states.

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14
Q

Mental Health problem.

A
  • Less severe.
  • Shorter duration than the disorder.
  • resolve with time or when the stress passes.
    If it increases in severity, it may develop into a disorder.
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15
Q

Mental disorder.

A

Behaviours/thoughts/feelings which affect the ability to function efficiently in everyday life.
- Clinically diagnosable dysfunction in thoughts, feelings and/or behaviours.
- causes distress or disability in everyday life.

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16
Q

Internal factors; influencing mental health.

A

Stems from within an individual, relates to biological (Genetics) and psychological (attitude) functioning.
Eg:

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17
Q

External factors; influencing mental health.

A

Stems outside of an individual and arises from the environment, social influences.
Eg; John being made fun of because of how he walks and being avoided etc.

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18
Q

Biophychosocial model functions:

A
  • Biological factors
  • Psychological factors.
  • Social factors.
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19
Q

Biological factors meaning.

A

Genetic makeup and physiological functioning of the body.
Eg; Genetics.

20
Q

Psychological factors meaning.

A

Cognitive and affective functioning.
Eg; Emotions, whilst John was on his medication he was miserable. When he was holding his child, the baby was crying and he had a sad look on his face.

21
Q

Social factors meaning.

A

Individuals interact with their external environment and other people.
Eg;

22
Q

What is schizophrenia?

A

A severe disturbance in thoughts, emotions and behaviour.
A psychotic disorder.

23
Q

Psychosis meaning

A

Individuals’ grasp of reality is impaired + inaccurate.

24
Q

Psychotic diorder.

A

Categorised by the state of psychosis.

25
Q

What are the causes of schizophrenia?

A

No singular cause, a combination of factors;
- Alcohol/drug use.
- Smoking.
- Genetic predisposition.
- Dopamine, is overactive in patients with schizophrenia.

26
Q

Symptons.

A
  • Delusions.
  • Hallucinations.
  • Disorganised speech.
  • Lack of emotion. (John Nash)
  • Social withdrawal.
27
Q

Two Hit Hypothesis.

A

Framework suggesting that schizophrenia arises due to a genetic factor followed by an environmental factor.

28
Q

First Hit.

A

Genetics;
- Disruption to the brain impacts brain development.
- Malfunction of genes.

29
Q

Second hit.

A

Environmental factors;
- Trauma.
- Conflict.
- Stress.

30
Q

Treatment. (Schizophrenia)

A

No cure.
- Therapy.
- Antipsychotic Medication.

31
Q

Categories of disorders:

A
  • Addiction disorder.
  • Anxiety disorder.
  • Mood disorder.
  • Personality disorder.
  • Psychotic disorder.
32
Q

Addiction disorder.

A

Dependence on a particular substance or behaviour despite the consequences.
Eg. Gambling disorder.

33
Q

Anxiety disorder.

A

Extreme, ongoing worry and distress.
Eg. Social anxiety.

34
Q

Mood disorder.

A

disabling lower or heightening of mood.
Eg. Depression.

35
Q

Personality disorder.

A

Enduring personality traits and behaviours that diverge significantly from cultural and societal norms, causing stress or harm for an individual.
Eg; Narcissistic.

36
Q

Psychotic disorder.

A

Individuals’ grasp of reality is impaired and inaccurate.
Eg. Schizophrenia.

37
Q

DSM; Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental health.

A
  • Descriptive; doesn’t specify cause or treatment for the condition.
  • Used for diagnosis and based on symptoms that are reported or behaviours exhibited.
38
Q

BENEFITS of Diagnosis and labelling disorders.

A
  • Assists mental health professionals in targetings appropriate treatment.
  • Provides individuals with reassurance and understanding.
39
Q

LIMITATIONS of Diagnosis and labelling the disorder.

A
  • Stigma (disgrace).
  • Over and under diagnosis.
  • Categories are too culturally specific.
40
Q

Coping

A

The ability to meet change, challenges and setbacks

41
Q

Depression causes

A
  • Stressful events.
  • Illness.
  • Genetics.
  • Loneliness.
  • Alcohol + drugs
42
Q

Depression symptoms.

A
  • Anxiety.
  • Social isolation.
  • Suicidal thoughts.
  • Weight loss/gain.
  • fatigue.
43
Q

Depression treatment.

A
  • Therapy.
  • Antidepressants.
44
Q

BPS; Depression.

A

B; Genetics.
P; Emotion.
S; Bullying.

45
Q

BPS; Schizophrenia.

A

B; Genetics.
P; Stress.
S; Relationship breakdown

46
Q

Mental health continuum.

A

Mentally Healthy — Mental Health Problem — Mental Disorder

Psychology UNIT 1 (8 decks)

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