Mental Disorder Flashcards
History of psychiatry (5)
18thc: small “doll huys” ran by church
19thc: big lunatic asylums
Professional psychiatrists, very optimistic
Only 1/3 cured -> overpopulation, abuse, criticism
Early 20thc: physical therapy -> lobotomy -> emptying out of asylums
Anti-psychiatry experiment -> fraud?
50s: switch to private practice -> psychoanalysis
80s & 90s: deinstitutionalization & rise of biological psychiatry -> pharmacy
Naturalism (3)
A) Disorder = dysfunction
B) dysfunction = negative statistical deviation from biological norm
C) But: homosexuality
No, diminishes reproductive success -> dysfunction
What if it helps group fitness?
Normativism (4)
A) Disorder = disvalued or harmful state
B) 3 categories: subjectively harmful, objectively harmful to self & objectively harmful to other
C) But: dependent on cultural context, no objectivity
D) But: Arrogance, ugliness anf terrorism are also harmful states
-> must harmful & treatable
Hybridism (3)
A) Disorder = harmful dysfunction
B) Dysfunction = failure to perform evolved function (e.g. depression)
C) But: homosexuality in homonegative societies would be considered a disorder
Eliminativism (2)
A) Disorder = redundant category
B) Rash, still seems helpful for treatment
Pluralism (3)
A) Disorder = Wittgensteinian family (no essence, only family resemblance)
B) Gradualism
C) But: vague & prone to misuse (e.g. halitosis)
Symptom view (2)
A) Mental disorder = mental symptoms (e.g. phobia -> intentional)
B) But: some mental disorders have physical symptoms too (e.g. conversion disorder)
Mental disorders (2)
A) Intentional
B) Phenomenally conscious
Causal view (2)
A) Mental disorder = mental causes
B) But: some mental disorders have physical causes (e.g. depression can be genetic)
Pluralist view (mental) (2)
A) There is a lot of overlap & inconsistencies in the categories of mental & brain disorders
B) It’s a continuum
