Menstrual Disorders Flashcards
primary amenorrhea
no period by age 15
secondary amenorrhea
no period for 6 mo or longer in women previously menstruating
turner syndrome
45 XO
sx of turner syndrome
short stature
infertility
primary gonadal failure
osteoporosis
mayer rokitansky kuster hauser syndrome
“old school” name for the family of the Mullerian agenesis conditions
t/f imperforate hymen is more common than mullerian abnormalities
true
hematocolpos
imperforate hymen that obstructs menstrual blood from exiting
congenital GnRH deficiency associated with anosmia
kallmann syndrome
carniopharyngioma
germinoma
tumor of the hypothalamus
46 XR karyotype with nonfunctional androgen receptors
androgen insensitivity syndrome
“testicular feminization”
labs to order for primary amenorrhea if there is a uterus
BhCG
karyotype if FSH high
Prolactin
labs primary amenorrhea w/o uterus
karyotype
serum testosterone
most common cause of secondary amenorrhea
pregnancy
top 2 most common causes of secondary amenorrhea
after pregnancy r/o
ovarian and hypothalamic issues
how does hyperprolactinemia trigger secondary amenorrhea
- inhibits GnRH from hypothalamus
- Decrease in LH and FSH production in pituitary
- Ovaries can’t function normally
- secondary amenorrhea
ovarian cause of secondary amenorrhea
PCOS
cause of 20% of all amenorrheas
PCOS
depletion of functional oocytes before age 40
primary ovarian insufficiency
cause: genetic, autoimmune, cancer tx
present in 60% of teens
primary dysmenorrhea
when do dysmenorrhea sx start?
w/ onset of regular ovulatory cycles (1-3yrs post menarche)
Sx start just prior to flow onset and last several days
what causes primary dysmenorrhea
excess prostaglandins
= contractions, increased tone, GI tract stimulated
tx for dysmenorrhea
NSAIDS
mefenamic acid
start with onset of menses or 1-2 days before
NSAIDS are antiprostaglandins how?
prevent arachidonic acid from turning into Prostaglandin E2
menorrhagia
menstrual blood loss over 80 ml
