Menstrual Disorders Flashcards
What is amenorrhoea?
The absence or cessation of menstruation.
What are the 2 types of amenorrhoea?
1-Primary amenorrhoea
2-Secondary amenorrhoea
Explain what primary amenorrhoea is?
The failure to establish menstruation
by 15 years of age in girls with normal secondary sexual characteristics
or
by 13 years of age in girls with no secondary sexual characteristics.
At what age does puberty start in girls?
Age 8-14 in girls
At what age does puberty start in boys?
Age 9-15 in boys
On average how long does puberty take from start to finish?
4 years
In girls, puberty starts with the development of breast buds, then pubic hair, and finally menstrual periods.
How long after the start of puberty does the menstrual period start?
2 years
Suggest 2 causes of primary amenorrhoea, where there is presence of normal secondary sexual characteristics.
1-Imperforate hymen ( blood cannot come out, just collects)
2-Vaginal septum
NB-Where there are normal secondary sexual characteristics the most common causes are genitourinary malformations.
Suggest 2 causes of primary amenorrhoea, where there is NOT presence of normal secondary sexual characteristics.
1-Turners Syndrome (45XO)
2-Hypothalamic-pituitary dysfunction
NB- lack of secondary sexual characteristics would sugest an underlying chromosomal or hormonal cause.
FINISH PRIMARY AMENORRHOEA
What is secondary amenorrhoea?
Secondary amenorrhea is defined as no menstruation for more than three months after previous regular menstrual periods.
Suggest 6 causes of secondary amenorrhoea?
- Pregnancy
- Menopause
- Hormonal contraception e.g. IUS
- Ovarian pathology e.g. PCOS
- Uterine patholpgy e.g. Ashermans Syndrome
- Hypothalamic or pituitary pathology
What is the most common cause of secondary amenorrhoea?
Pregnancy
