Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Urogenital > Menstrual cycle > Flashcards

Menstrual cycle Flashcards

1
Q

What is the purpose of the menstrual cycle?

A

production and release of ovum, thicken endometrium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

When does ovulation occur in the menstrual cycle?

A

Day 14

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Which organs are key in the HPG axis?

A

Hypothalamus, anterior pituitary gland and ovaries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

GnRH binds to what after being released from the hypothalamus?

A

APG

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is released from the APG when GnRH is bound to it?

A

LH (luteinising) and FSH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

LH and FSH trigger what?

A

oestrogen and inhibin release from the ovaries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What does inhibin do?

A

Cause the inhibition of activin; activin is initially responsible for stimulating GnRH production

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What does FSH do?

A

Stimulates follicles, causes the most sensitive follicle to become the dominant Graafian follicle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What does the LH do to the Graafian follicle?

A

Stimulates it into the corpus luteum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is released by the corpus luteum?

A

Progesterone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Which hormone helps regulate the menstrual cycle?

A

Oestrogen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Which hormone causes inhibition of activin and stimulates GnRH production?

A

Inhibin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What stimulates the development of ovarian follicles?

A

FSH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What triggers the graafian follicle to become the corpus luteum?

A

LH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What hormone triggers the endometrium to thicken and become more receptive to implantation?

A

Progesterone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the two phases of the menstrual cycle called?

A

Follicular and Luteal

17
Q

What is the start of the follicular phase?

A

Rise in levels of FSH causing the stimulation of a few ovarian follicles

18
Q

The first follicle that becomes mature releases what?

A

Oestrogen

19
Q

What does oestrogen inhibit?

A

Other competing follicles from growing

20
Q

The graafian follicle is what?

A

The single follicle that reaches full maturity

21
Q

Where does the oocyte develop?

A

Within the Graafian follicle

22
Q

What does increased oestrogen trigger?

A

Endometrial thickening; thinning of cervical mucus; inhibition of LH from APG

23
Q

What happens around day 12?

A

Oestrogen levels pass a threshold and

24
Q

What causes the membrane of the Graafian follicle to become thinner?

A

LH

25
Q

What happens 24-48 hours after the Graafian follicle experiences the LH surge

A

It ruptures and releases a secondary oocyte which matures into an ootid and then a mature ovum

26
Q

Where is the mature ovum released into?

A

The peritoneal space and taken into the fallopian tube via the fimbriae i.e. finger like projections

27
Q

What marks the end of the follicular phase? and around what day is this?

A

Mature ovum enters the fallopian tube. Day 14

28
Q

What marks the start of the luteal phase?

A

Once ovulation has occurred, the Graafian follicle develops into the corpus luteum

29
Q

What hormones are released in the Luteal phase

A

Progesterone, via the Corpus Luteum

30
Q

What happens as a result of increased progesterone? (3 things)

A

Increased bod temp, endometrium becomes receptive, negative feedback resulting in decreased LH and FSH = degrading corpus luteum

31
Q

What happens as a result of the degeneration of the corpus luteum

A

Loss of progesterone production

32
Q

What happens when progesterone levels are lost?

A

Menstruation and the cycle starts again

33
Q

What layers is the endometrium compose of?

A

2: functional and basal layer (basal layer is not shed)

34
Q

What are the phases of the uterine cycle?

A

3: PSM, proliferative, secretory and menstrual

35
Q

Key features of the proliferation phase?

A

increased oestrogen levels due to FSH stimulating its production, which repairs the functional endometrial layer (from recent menstruation)

36
Q

Key features of the secretory phase

A

increased progesterone, occurs once ovulation has started, makes embryo a welcoming environment for implantation

37
Q

Key features of the menstrual phase

A

Corpus luteum degenerates, results in decreased progesterone production, spiral arteries in the functional endometrium contract, ischaemic and necrotic environment = shed

Urogenital (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions