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Gynecology > Menstrual Abnormalities > Flashcards

Menstrual Abnormalities Flashcards

0
Q

MCC metrorrhagia

A

Cervical polyps

Endometrial polyps

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1
Q 
Normal menses
Frequency
Duration
Volume
Regularity
A

21-35d
4-7d
30-80ml
Monthly

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2
Q

AUB classification

A

Organic - systemic and reproductive

Dysfunctional - non/ovulatory

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3
Q

Endometrial biopsy indications

A

> 35 yo obesity hpn DM

Post menopausal women

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4
Q 
Occurs in reproductive tears
Due to local endometrial factors
Simultaneous orderly tissue breakdown
Spiral arteriolar constriction
Midcycle rise in body temp
Secretory changes
A

Ovulatory

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5
Q 
Occurs in peri and postmenopause
Continued estrogen w/o progesterone
Unstable spontaneous haphazard breakdown
Absence of vasoconstriction and BBT rise
Proliferative changes
A

Anovulatory

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6
Q

Tx for hemodynamically unstable bleeding

A

IV estrogen

GnRH agonist and D&C

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7
Q

DOC for anovulatory bleeding

A

Progestins

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8
Q

Chronic ovulatory bleeding with contraception

A

OCP and levonorgestrol IUD +/- NSAISs and tranexamic acid

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9
Q

Chronic ovulatory bleeding with fertility

A

NSAIDs and tranexamic acid

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10
Q

Chronic anovulatory bleeding
With contraception
With fertility

A

OCP

Cyclic progestin therapy from D14-25

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11
Q

Used prior to surgery

A

Danazol androgenic steroid

Leuprolide GnRH agonist

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12
Q

Surgical for DUB

A

D&C
Endometrial ablation
Hysterectomy

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13
Q

Prostaglandin F2a mediated uterine ischemia

A

Primary dysmenorrhea

NSAIDs and OCP

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14
Q

MCC secondary dysmenorrhea

A

Endometriosis and adenomyosis

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15
Q

Primary amenorrhea

A

14 w/o sec sexual characteristics

16 w/ sec sexual characteristics

16
Q

Secondary amenorrhea

A

3 months regular menses

6 months irregular menses

17
Q

Absent breast

Absent uterus

A

17,20 desmolase deficiency
17 a hydroxylase deficiency
Agonadism

18
Q

Absent breast

Present uterus

A 
Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism
Dec GnRH FSH LH due to HP axis
Dec estrogen
Hypothalamic failure
Pituitary failure

Hypergonadotropic hypogonadism
Inc GnRH FSH LH due to lack of response of ovaries to LH and FSH
No estrogen
Gonadal failure

19
Q

Absent breast
Present uterus
FSH LH<5
CNS imaging: mass

A

CNS tumor
Pituitary failure
Hypo hypo

20
Q 
Absent breast
Present uterus
FSH LH<5
CNS imaging: none
ANOSMIA
A

Kallman’s syndrome: gonadotropin deficiency
Hypothalamic failure
Hypo hypo
GnRH therapy

21
Q

Absent breast
Present uterus
FSH <40
Karyotyping 45XO

A

Turner’s syndrome streaky ovaries
Hyper hypo
Estrogen therapy

22
Q 
Absent breast
Present uterus
FSH <40
Karyotyping 46XX
MOSAICISM
A

Premature Ovarian Failure <40 yo

Hyper hypo

23
Q 
Absent breast
Present uterus
FSH <40
Karyotyping 46XX
RECEPTOR DEFECT
A

Savage syndrome

Hyper hypo

48
Q

Present breast

Normal utz of uterus

A

Outflow tract abnormality

49
Q

Bulging purplish red membranes
Hematocolpos
Pelvic and abdominal pain

A

Imperforate hymen

Cruciate incision

50
Q

Failure of Mullerian duct to fuse with urogenital sinus
Hematocolpos
Pelvic and abdominal pain

A

Transvaginal septum

Surgical correction

51
Q

Short vaginal pouch

A

Vaginal agenesis

Neovagina

52
Q

Present breasts
Absent or abn uterus on utz
46XX
Short vaginal pouch

A

Mullerian agenesis or Mayer Rokitansjy Kuster Hauser Syndrome
Neovagina

53
Q

Present breasts
Absent or abn uterus on utz
46XY
N testosterone

A

Androgen Insensitivity

54
Q

Present breast
Present uterus
MCC

A

Hyperprolactinemia

Prolactinoma

55
Q

Stein Leventhal triad

A

Hirsutism
Amenorrhea
Obesity

56
Q

MC antecedent factor of Asherman’s syndrome

A

Endometrial curettage

57
Q

Withdrawal bleeding within 7 days

A

Progesterone challenge

Anovulatory

58
Q

No withdrawal nleeding on progesterone challenge test
Positive EPCT
Negative EPCT

A

No estrogen
low FSH HP failure
high FSH ovarian failure

Mechanical causes

Gynecology (11 decks)

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